中国农业环境政策研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 10:31

【摘要】：近几十年以来,大量使用农药和化肥无可置疑地提高了我国粮食的产量,在一定程度上满足了我国人口对粮食的需要,也促进了我国经济的发展。但是同时也给我国带来了严重的环境污染问题,我国农业的发展也会面临着越来越严重的环境与资源问题,使得我国的农业发展与环境保护陷入了二者难以平衡的情况。另外水资源污染、空气污染等诸多环境问题都给人们的健康生活带来严重的伤害。在如此的背景之下,对中国的农业环境政策进行研究,深入探索、不断优化我国的农业环境政策、对我国农业环境政策做出合理的规划和安排具有重要的现实意义。本文以农业环境政策作为研究对象。首先阐述农业环境政策相关的基本概念和基础理论,进而对我国农业环境现状和环境政策进行分析。指出目前农业生产、水体、禽畜养殖和农村生活等方面的环境问题,梳理已经出台的农业环境政策,从经济、管理、科技三方面对农业环境政策进行分析和探讨。其次,对农业环境政策的实施进行分析,通过对农业环境政策的发展历程的分析,明晰农业环境政策的初期阶段、关注阶段、重视阶段,各阶段面临的任务及保护措施。分析各阶段环境政策的实施情况,探究其中存在的问题。最后,研究和借鉴美国、日本、欧盟等在农业环境上的先进政策及相关经验,结合我国具体国情,从完善环境管理制度、遵循环境友好理念、发展农业科技等方面提出完善我国农业环境政策的对策建议。
[Abstract]:In recent decades, the massive use of pesticides and chemical fertilizers has undoubtedly increased the grain production in China, to a certain extent, has satisfied the needs of the population for grain in our country, and has also promoted the economic development of our country. But at the same time, it also brings serious environmental pollution to our country. The development of agriculture in our country will also face more and more serious environmental and resource problems, which makes the agricultural development and environmental protection of our country fall into the situation that the two are difficult to balance. In addition, water pollution, air pollution and many other environmental problems have brought serious harm to people's healthy life. Under such background, it is of great practical significance to study and explore the agricultural environmental policy of China, to optimize the agricultural environmental policy of our country, and to make reasonable planning and arrangement for the agricultural environmental policy of our country. This article regards the agricultural environment policy as the research object. Firstly, the basic concepts and theories of agricultural environmental policy are expounded, and then the present situation of agricultural environment and environmental policy in China are analyzed. This paper points out the environmental problems in agricultural production, water body, livestock breeding and rural life, and analyzes and discusses the agricultural environmental policies from the aspects of economy, management, science and technology. Secondly, the implementation of agricultural environmental policy is analyzed. Through the analysis of the development course of agricultural environmental policy, it is clear that the initial stage of agricultural environmental policy, the attention stage, the task faced by each stage and the protection measures. Analyze the implementation of environmental policy in various stages and explore the existing problems. Finally, we should study and learn from the advanced policies and relevant experiences of the United States, Japan and the European Union in the agricultural environment, combining with the specific conditions of our country, from perfecting the environmental management system and following the concept of environmental friendliness. The development of agricultural science and technology and other aspects of improving our agricultural environmental policy countermeasures.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X322

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