基于高通量测序的流化床生物滤器细菌群落结构分析

发布时间：2018-08-27 12:06

【摘要】：为了解流化床生物滤器内部细菌群落组成及其净水机制,通过高通量测序方法,研究了不同时期滤器中表层和底层滤料的细菌群落结构,分析了滤器不同床层的营养盐变化情况及水处理性能.结果表明,滤器的硝化作用主要发生于床层下部,表层对其的贡献率不显著.稳定工况下,流化床生物滤器对NH_4~+-N、TN、BOD_5和SS的去除率达到(68.3±2.24)%、(49.54±3.56)%、(60.35±4.98)%和(45.21±2.11)%,对氨氮的去除负荷达到(343.28±75.5)g·(m~3·d)~(-1),其硝化性能优于常规生物滤器.试验共筛选31个门,490个细菌属,其生物多样性显著高于常规生物滤器.自清洗装置的启停对滤器中不同区域载体表面细菌的多样性没有影响,对各样品的优势菌群略有影响.在滤器稳定运行时,表层区域的优势细菌基本维持不变,主要包括厌氧绳菌科、黄杆菌科、红杆菌科、硝化螺菌属、暖绳菌科.而底层区域的优势细菌随着时间的推移有所变化,主要包括硝化螺菌属、微丝菌属、Muricauda、Defluviimonas、红杆菌科.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the composition of bacterial community and the mechanism of water purification in a fluidized bed biofilter, the bacterial community structure of surface and bottom filter media in different periods was studied by high-throughput sequencing. The variation of nutrient and water treatment performance of different beds of filter were analyzed. The results showed that the nitrification of the filter mainly occurred in the lower part of the bed, and the contribution rate of the surface layer to the nitrification was not significant. Under the steady condition, the removal rates of NH_4~ -N + TNN Bod _ 5 and SS reached (68.3 卤2.24), (49.54 卤3.56), (60.35 卤4.98)% and (45.21 卤2.11), respectively, and the removal load of ammonia nitrogen reached (343.28 卤75.5) g (路m ~ (-1) ~ (-1), and the nitrification performance was superior to that of the conventional biofilter. A total of 490 bacterial genera were screened and their biodiversity was significantly higher than that of conventional biofilters. The opening and stopping of the self-cleaning device had no effect on the diversity of bacteria on the surface of different carriers in the filter, but had a slight effect on the dominant flora of each sample. In the stable operation of the filter, the dominant bacteria in the surface area remained basically unchanged, including anaerobic cordonidae, xanthobacteriaceae, erythrobacteriaceae, nitrifying helicobacteriaceae, and warm cordonidae. The dominant bacteria in the bottom zone changed with time, mainly including the genus Helicobacter, the genus Muricauda Defluviimonas, and the family Erythrobacter.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所;
【基金】：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费专项(2015A02PT01) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2015CB150703) 现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-50)
【分类号】：X714

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