室内空气中VOCs的污染特征、温湿效应及暴露风险
发布时间：2018-09-02 09:10
【摘要】：近年来,大气环境质量越来越受到国民的关注,而现代人大部分时间在室内度过,室内污染物浓度最高可达室外的5～10倍,超过60%的疾病与室内污染相关,实际上室内空气质量更加直接地影响着人们的健康。上世纪以来,随着室内装修建材、生活用品、生活方式等的巨大变化,显著改变了室内污染物的种类和浓度,使人们在各类室内场所被普遍暴露于空气污染物中。本文就室内空气中典型有机污染物的浓度水平、污染特征、释放规律及其人体暴露风险等展开研究,通过对比研究杭州、西安两个典型城市的2000余个室内空气样本,明确了两地新装修家庭室内主要污染物的浓度水平和污染特征,并结合理论分析发现室内挥发性有机物污染的温湿效应。其中,室内空气污染物的温湿效应主要表现为源效应和汇效应两种,不同污染物对应的主效应不同。区别于室内甲醛的温湿效应,室内挥发性有机物的温湿效应与其各组分对应的水溶性、分子极性、亨利系数等有关,温湿效应的强弱与其亨利系数之间存在着显著的线性关系。最后,本文比较分析了两城市室内空气中主要污染物的暴露水平及相应的暴露风险,发现女性潜在暴露量要高于男性。研究结论对于揭示和理解高温高湿环境下室内空气中污染物浓度的现象和原因,以及对于控制和减少室内空气污染的措施具有一定理论指导意义;研究结论进一步理解和完善了室内空气中挥发性有机物的迁移转化规律,为室内挥发性有机物污染扩散模型及其污染防治提供科学参考和理论支持。
[Abstract]:In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the quality of the atmospheric environment, and modern people spend most of their time indoors. The concentration of indoor pollutants is up to 5 ~ 10 times that of outdoors, and more than 60 percent of diseases are related to indoor pollution. In fact, indoor air quality affects people's health more directly. Since the last century, with the great changes of indoor decoration building materials, daily necessities, lifestyle and so on, the types and concentrations of indoor pollutants have been significantly changed, and people are generally exposed to air pollutants in all kinds of indoor places. In this paper, the concentration level, pollution characteristics, release law and human exposure risk of typical organic pollutants in indoor air were studied, and more than 2000 indoor air samples in two typical cities of Hangzhou and Xi'an were studied. The concentration level and pollution characteristics of main indoor pollutants in newly decorated households in both places were clarified. The temperature and humidity effects of indoor volatile organic compounds pollution were found by theoretical analysis. Among them, the temperature and humidity effects of indoor air pollutants are mainly source effect and sink effect, and the main effects of different pollutants are different. The temperature and humidity effects of indoor volatile organic compounds are related to their water solubility, molecular polarity, Henry coefficient, etc. There is a significant linear relationship between the temperature and humidity effect and its Henry coefficient. Finally, the exposure level and the corresponding exposure risk of the main pollutants in indoor air of the two cities were compared and analyzed. It was found that the potential exposure of women was higher than that of men. The conclusions are of theoretical significance for revealing and understanding the phenomena and causes of indoor air pollutant concentration in high temperature and high humidity environment and for controlling and reducing indoor air pollution. The conclusion of the study further understood and improved the transport and transformation law of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, and provided scientific reference and theoretical support for indoor volatile organic compounds pollution diffusion model and pollution prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51
本文编号：2218902
[Abstract]:In recent years, people pay more and more attention to the quality of the atmospheric environment, and modern people spend most of their time indoors. The concentration of indoor pollutants is up to 5 ~ 10 times that of outdoors, and more than 60 percent of diseases are related to indoor pollution. In fact, indoor air quality affects people's health more directly. Since the last century, with the great changes of indoor decoration building materials, daily necessities, lifestyle and so on, the types and concentrations of indoor pollutants have been significantly changed, and people are generally exposed to air pollutants in all kinds of indoor places. In this paper, the concentration level, pollution characteristics, release law and human exposure risk of typical organic pollutants in indoor air were studied, and more than 2000 indoor air samples in two typical cities of Hangzhou and Xi'an were studied. The concentration level and pollution characteristics of main indoor pollutants in newly decorated households in both places were clarified. The temperature and humidity effects of indoor volatile organic compounds pollution were found by theoretical analysis. Among them, the temperature and humidity effects of indoor air pollutants are mainly source effect and sink effect, and the main effects of different pollutants are different. The temperature and humidity effects of indoor volatile organic compounds are related to their water solubility, molecular polarity, Henry coefficient, etc. There is a significant linear relationship between the temperature and humidity effect and its Henry coefficient. Finally, the exposure level and the corresponding exposure risk of the main pollutants in indoor air of the two cities were compared and analyzed. It was found that the potential exposure of women was higher than that of men. The conclusions are of theoretical significance for revealing and understanding the phenomena and causes of indoor air pollutant concentration in high temperature and high humidity environment and for controlling and reducing indoor air pollution. The conclusion of the study further understood and improved the transport and transformation law of volatile organic compounds in indoor air, and provided scientific reference and theoretical support for indoor volatile organic compounds pollution diffusion model and pollution prevention and control.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X51
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1 周辰;室内空气中VOCs的污染特征、温湿效应及暴露风险[D];浙江大学;2017年
，本文编号：2218902
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