胞外聚合物对厌氧氨氧化污泥性能的影响研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 08:09
【摘要】：Anammox工艺相对于传统脱氮工艺具有诸多优势,但anammox菌倍增时间长,对环境要求高阻碍了其在工程中的应用。EPS对微生物聚集和污泥性能都有重要作用,但目前EPS在anammox聚集体形成过程中的作用仍存在争议。本文通过反应器运行过程中、不同运行状态下及运用光谱学技术三个方面研究了anammox污泥的EPS和污泥性能,得到anammox污泥EPS与污泥活性、污泥沉降性能的关系以及EPS在anammox聚集体形成过程中的作用,主要结论如下:(1)通过低基质浓度,高进水流量模式在运行55天后成功地启动反应器,第219天时,反应器进水4N-NH(10)、N-NO-2浓度分别达到179和271mg/l,NLR和NRR分别为10111和9887mg/(L·d);运行90天时在反应器内形成大量颗粒污泥并呈现微红色;Anammox颗粒污泥EPS总量与反应器NRR值呈现高度正相关性;TB-EPS含量占EPS总量的96.5%~98.9%,EPS的主要成分为PN,其次是腐殖质和PS,且反应器运行过程中PN较PS含量变化的更快;运行212天后,anammox颗粒污泥的PN、腐殖质、PS、DNA含量分别为90、27、23、6mg/g-VSS。(2)改变进水基质氮浓度,使anammox污泥分别处于活性完全抑制状态(R1)、正常运行状态(R2)、半饥饿状态(R3),在R1、R2、R3三种状态下运行一个月后,污泥EPS总量和各组分含量都出现了升高;R2、R3内污泥EPS的TB-EPS含量最大,主要成分是PN,R1污泥的SEPS含量最大,DNA成为主要成分;环境的改变对R2、R3内颗粒污泥的结构影响不大,而过高的基质浓度以及搅拌作用产生的叠加压力,使R1内颗粒污泥结构发生重大改变。(3)在反应器NRR提升阶段发现,SAA与EPS总量、TB-EPS含量呈现高的线性正相关,SAA与EPS不同组分含量都存在正相关,其中,与PN含量的相关性最高;腐殖质含量与SVI呈高度正相关,PN/PS值与SVI呈现负相关,即PN/PS值越大,污泥沉降性能越好;R1内污泥沉降性能逐渐变差的过程中,LB-EPS含量(R2=0.9486)、SEPS含量(R2=0.9104)与污泥沉降性能有显著的相关性,LB-EPS、SEPS含量越高,污泥的沉降性能越差。(4)1、2号anammox颗粒污泥的微生物多样性高于3号anammox生物膜污泥;3个样品中都存在Candidatus Anammoxoglobus、Candidatus Kuenenia、Candidatus Brocadia三个不同属的anammox菌;属水平下微生物群落分布聚类结果与基于功能丰度的聚类分析结果表明anammox聚集体的聚集形态对微生物群落结构有影响。(5)对anammox污泥样品1、2、3以及人造厌氧颗粒污泥(artificial-AG)、好氧絮状污泥(aerobic floc)、硝化污泥(nitrifying sludge)的EPS进行三维荧光分析,得出TB-EPS中的蛋白质在微生物聚集体中有重要地位,而腐殖质类以及富里酸类物质对微生物聚集体的形成和稳定有不利影响;FTIR分析得出,三个anammox污泥样品TB-EPS的官能团及其强度相差不大,但与其他污泥有较明显差异;综合光谱学分析结果得出,EPS对anammox污泥聚集过程的作用机理主要是通过疏水作用以及与阳离子的架桥作用。(6)Anammox颗粒污泥和生物膜在结构上大体相同,都由小的聚集体构成;丝状菌缠绕作用、EPS粘附作用、阳离子架桥作用、无机沉积物的内核作用以及水力剪切作用在污泥聚集中发挥着重要作用;综合前人和本文研究结果,提出一个5步的污泥颗粒化的模型。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional denitrification process, Anammox process has many advantages, but the long doubling time of anammox bacteria hinders its application in engineering. EPS plays an important role in microbial aggregation and sludge performance, but the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates is still controversial. In this study, EPS and sludge properties of anammox sludge were studied under different operating conditions and by using spectroscopic techniques. The relationship between EPS and sludge activity, sludge settling performance and the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates were obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Through low substrate concentration and high inflow flow mode, the operation of anammox sludge was 55. On the 219th day, the influent concentration of 4N-NH (10), N-NO-2, NLR and NRR were 179 and 271 mg/l, 10111 and 9887 mg/L /(d), respectively; a large amount of granular sludge was formed and reddish in the reactor after 90 days of operation; the total EPS content of Anammox granular sludge was positively correlated with the NRR value of the reactor; The contents of PN, humus, PS and DNA in anammox granular sludge were 90,27,23,6 mg/g-VSS after 212 days of operation. After one month of operation in R1, R2 and R3, the total EPS content and each component content of sludge increased; TB-EPS content of sludge EPS in R2 and R3 was the highest, and the main component was PN and R1, and the SEPS content of sludge was the highest, and DNA was the main component; the change of environment affected the granular sludge in R2 and R3. The structure of granular sludge in R1 changed significantly with the increase of substrate concentration and stirring pressure. (3) In the NRR elevation stage of reactor, it was found that SAA was positively correlated with EPS and TB-EPS contents, and SAA was positively correlated with different EPS components, among which PN content was correlated. Humus content was positively correlated with SVI, and PN/PS value was negatively correlated with SVI, that is, the greater the PN/PS value, the better the sludge sedimentation performance; LB-EPS content (R2 = 0.9486), SEPS content (R2 = 0.9104) was significantly correlated with sludge sedimentation performance during the process of sludge sedimentation deterioration in R1, and LB-EPS, SEPS content was higher, sludge sedimentation performance was significantly correlated. (4) The microbial diversity of 1,2 anammox granular sludge was higher than that of 3 anammox biofilm sludge; Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were found in all three samples; the clustering results of microbial community distribution at generic level and the clustering analysis based on functional abundance were obtained. The results showed that the aggregation morphology of anammox had an effect on the microbial community structure. (5) Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of EPS of anammox sludge sample 1,2,3, artificial-AG, aerobic floc and nitrifying sludge showed that the protein in TB-EPS was heavy in microbial aggregates. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the functional groups and strength of TB-EPS in three anammox sludge samples were not different, but were significantly different from those in other sludge samples. The results of comprehensive spectral analysis showed that EPS had an adverse effect on the formation and stability of anammox sludge aggregation process. (6) Anammox granular sludge and biofilm are similar in structure and consist of small aggregates; filamentous fungi entanglement, EPS adhesion, cationic bridging, inorganic sediment nucleation and hydraulic shearing play important roles in sludge aggregation. The 5 step model of sludge granulation is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional denitrification process, Anammox process has many advantages, but the long doubling time of anammox bacteria hinders its application in engineering. EPS plays an important role in microbial aggregation and sludge performance, but the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates is still controversial. In this study, EPS and sludge properties of anammox sludge were studied under different operating conditions and by using spectroscopic techniques. The relationship between EPS and sludge activity, sludge settling performance and the role of EPS in the formation of anammox aggregates were obtained. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) Through low substrate concentration and high inflow flow mode, the operation of anammox sludge was 55. On the 219th day, the influent concentration of 4N-NH (10), N-NO-2, NLR and NRR were 179 and 271 mg/l, 10111 and 9887 mg/L /(d), respectively; a large amount of granular sludge was formed and reddish in the reactor after 90 days of operation; the total EPS content of Anammox granular sludge was positively correlated with the NRR value of the reactor; The contents of PN, humus, PS and DNA in anammox granular sludge were 90,27,23,6 mg/g-VSS after 212 days of operation. After one month of operation in R1, R2 and R3, the total EPS content and each component content of sludge increased; TB-EPS content of sludge EPS in R2 and R3 was the highest, and the main component was PN and R1, and the SEPS content of sludge was the highest, and DNA was the main component; the change of environment affected the granular sludge in R2 and R3. The structure of granular sludge in R1 changed significantly with the increase of substrate concentration and stirring pressure. (3) In the NRR elevation stage of reactor, it was found that SAA was positively correlated with EPS and TB-EPS contents, and SAA was positively correlated with different EPS components, among which PN content was correlated. Humus content was positively correlated with SVI, and PN/PS value was negatively correlated with SVI, that is, the greater the PN/PS value, the better the sludge sedimentation performance; LB-EPS content (R2 = 0.9486), SEPS content (R2 = 0.9104) was significantly correlated with sludge sedimentation performance during the process of sludge sedimentation deterioration in R1, and LB-EPS, SEPS content was higher, sludge sedimentation performance was significantly correlated. (4) The microbial diversity of 1,2 anammox granular sludge was higher than that of 3 anammox biofilm sludge; Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia were found in all three samples; the clustering results of microbial community distribution at generic level and the clustering analysis based on functional abundance were obtained. The results showed that the aggregation morphology of anammox had an effect on the microbial community structure. (5) Three-dimensional fluorescence analysis of EPS of anammox sludge sample 1,2,3, artificial-AG, aerobic floc and nitrifying sludge showed that the protein in TB-EPS was heavy in microbial aggregates. The results of FTIR analysis showed that the functional groups and strength of TB-EPS in three anammox sludge samples were not different, but were significantly different from those in other sludge samples. The results of comprehensive spectral analysis showed that EPS had an adverse effect on the formation and stability of anammox sludge aggregation process. (6) Anammox granular sludge and biofilm are similar in structure and consist of small aggregates; filamentous fungi entanglement, EPS adhesion, cationic bridging, inorganic sediment nucleation and hydraulic shearing play important roles in sludge aggregation. The 5 step model of sludge granulation is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X703
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
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2 王晓慧;刘永军;刘U，
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