河南省浅层地热能利用潜力及其环境效益分析

发布时间：2018-09-08 10:21

【摘要】：浅层地热能是指蕴藏在地表以下200米以内,温度低于25℃的热能,可通过地源热泵技术提取利用,是一种清洁的可再生能源,具有分布广,储量大,易开采的特点。地源热泵作为高效节能的暖通空调技术在我国已经被广泛应用。随着国家继续推进能源供应体系深化改革,以及首次制定发布地热能开发利用“十三五”规划,地源热泵将进入又一轮快速发展阶段。如何科学合理的开发利用浅层地热能是保障资源可持续利用的首要任务。河南省正处于经济快速发展时期,随着城市建设速度加快和居民生活品质的提高,建筑能源消费呈逐年刚性增长的趋势。夏季空调制冷和冬季集中供暖在建筑能源消费中所占比例较大,通过地源热泵技术利用浅层地热能实现室内制冷和供暖,可以有效缓解建筑能源供应压力,降低常规能源消耗,同时减少污染物排放。本文研究了河南省城市浅层地热能的资源条件现状,包括河南省浅层地热能特征和城市浅层地热能适宜性分区评价情况;其次,整理总结了较为全面的地源热泵系统性能测试方法和应用工程评价方法,本研究结合实际案例进行数据收集与分析,与传统常规制冷供热方案进行对比,评价地源热泵系统应用案例项目的节能效益、环境效益和经济效益;最后,对河南省浅层地热能利用现状进行总结分析,阐述目前存在的问题,展望行业未来发展趋势,并通过情景分析法研究了“十三五”期间河南省浅层地热能利用潜力。研究结果表明,河南省浅层地热能资源条件较为丰富,地下水源热泵系统应用适宜区主要分布在河南省中西部地区的黄淮海平原、山前倾斜平原、盆地和支流河谷地带;地埋管热泵系统应用适宜区主要分布在河南省中东部地区的冲积、冲洪积平原。河南省某地源热泵案例项目评价结果为:该系统夏季工况热泵机组制冷能效比EER为5.51,系统制冷能效比EER为3.37,系统能效为3级;冬季工况热泵机组制热性能系数COP为5.1,制热性能系数COP为3.47,系统能效为2级;每年常规能源替代量为133.75吨标准煤,每年可减少排放CO2 330.36吨,SO2 2.68吨,粉尘1.34吨,与常规供冷供热方案相比,每年可节约成本89.69万元,整体运行效果良好。基于情景分析结果,以目前建筑能耗强度和浅层地热能利用普及率的发展速度,2020年河南省建筑能耗总量约为7420万吨标准煤,浅层地热能利用面积约为6900万平方米。亟需政府强化可再生能源建筑应用的政策强度,进一步推广应用浅层地热能。本文的研究内容有助于为河南省浅层地热能的开发利用和地源热泵系统应用综合评价提供参考依据,便于政策制定者、行业管理者和市场从业者了解掌握河南省浅层地热能利用和发展现状,从而科学合理可持续地开发利用浅层地热能。
[Abstract]:Shallow geothermal energy is a kind of clean renewable energy which can be extracted and utilized by ground source heat pump (GSHP) technology. It is a kind of clean renewable energy with the characteristics of wide distribution, large reserves and easy exploitation. Ground source heat pump (GSHP) has been widely used in China as a high-efficiency energy-saving HVAC technology. With the further reform of the energy supply system and the promulgation of the 13th Five-Year Plan for the Development and Utilization of Geothermal Energy for the first time, the ground-source heat pump will enter another round of rapid development stage. How to develop and utilize shallow geothermal energy scientifically and reasonably is the primary task to ensure the sustainable utilization of resources. Henan Province is in the period of rapid economic development. With the acceleration of urban construction and the improvement of residents' quality of life, the energy consumption of construction is increasing rigidly year by year. Air conditioning in summer and central heating in winter account for a large proportion of building energy consumption. Using shallow geothermal energy to realize indoor refrigeration and heating through ground source heat pump technology can effectively alleviate the pressure of building energy supply and reduce the consumption of conventional energy. At the same time reduce the emission of pollutants. This paper studies the resource conditions of urban shallow geothermal energy in Henan Province, including the characteristics of shallow geothermal energy in Henan Province and the evaluation of the suitability of urban shallow geothermal energy. Secondly, The comprehensive performance test method and application engineering evaluation method of ground-source heat pump system are summarized. The data collection and analysis are combined with actual cases, and compared with the conventional refrigeration and heating scheme. To evaluate the energy saving benefit, environmental benefit and economic benefit of the application case of ground-source heat pump system; finally, summarize and analyze the current situation of shallow geothermal energy utilization in Henan Province, expound the existing problems, and prospect the future development trend of the industry. The utilization potential of shallow geothermal energy in Henan Province during the 13th Five-Year Plan period was studied by scenario analysis. The results show that the shallow geothermal energy resources are abundant in Henan Province, and the suitable area of groundwater source heat pump system is mainly distributed in the Huang-Huai Hai Plain, the Piedmont inclined Plain, the Basin and the tributaries Valley in the central and western part of Henan Province. The groundwater pipe heat pump system is mainly distributed in the alluvial and alluvial plain in the middle and eastern part of Henan Province. The evaluation results of a ground source heat pump project in Henan Province are as follows: the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio (EER) is 5.51, the refrigeration energy efficiency ratio (EER) is 3.37, and the system energy efficiency is grade 3; The heating performance coefficient (COP), heating performance coefficient (COP) and system energy efficiency of heat pump units under winter conditions are 5.1, 3.47 and 2 respectively, and the annual conventional energy replacement capacity of 133.75 tons of standard coal can reduce the annual emission of CO2 330.36 tons of so _ 2 2.68 tons and dust of 1.34 tons. Compared with the conventional cooling and heating scheme, the annual cost can be saved by 896900 yuan, and the overall operation effect is good. Based on the result of scenario analysis, the total building energy consumption of Henan Province in 2020 is about 74.2 million tons of standard coal, and the area of shallow geothermal energy utilization is about 69 million square meters, according to the current development speed of building energy consumption intensity and shallow geothermal energy utilization rate. It is urgent for the government to strengthen the policy intensity of renewable energy construction and further promote the application of shallow geothermal energy. The research content of this paper is helpful for the development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy in Henan Province and the comprehensive evaluation of the application of ground-source heat pump system, which is convenient for policy makers. Industry managers and market practitioners understand and grasp the current situation of utilization and development of shallow geothermal energy in Henan Province, so as to develop and utilize shallow geothermal energy scientifically, reasonably and sustainably.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P314;X24

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