2011—2015年我国水污染事件及原因分析

发布时间：2018-10-29 12:10

【摘要】：水污染事件在我国发生较频繁,严重影响我国城镇饮水安全和水环境状况。整理和统计了我国2011—2015年发生的373起水污染事件,并主要从污染类型、污染物质、处理措施、影响范围和地域分布5个方面对水污染事件进行统计并剖析典型案例及原因。结果表明,突然排污、累积污染、污染泄漏和管道事故是主要风险源;污水、化学品、油类为主要污染物质。284起污染事件得到处理,占总数的76.14%,仍有80起未得到处理或未采取相关措施,占总数的19.48%。水污染事件多发生在东南沿海经济发达地区,主要原因是沿海地区工业发达,是工业废水的主要排放区域。另外,还通过分析突然排污、累积污染、污染泄漏和管道事故的典型案例,剖析了处理措施的合理性并提出更有效的处理方案。
[Abstract]:Water pollution incidents occur frequently in China, which seriously affect the drinking water safety and water environment in cities and towns in China. In this paper, 373 water pollution events occurred in China from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed, and the typical cases and reasons were analyzed from five aspects: pollution type, pollution substance, treatment measures, influence scope and regional distribution. The results show that sudden discharge, cumulative pollution, pollution leakage and pipeline accidents are the main risk sources. Sewage, chemicals and oil were the main pollutants. 284 pollution incidents were treated, accounting for 76.14% of the total, and 80 cases remained untreated or untreated, accounting for 19.48% of the total. Water pollution events mostly occur in the economically developed areas along the southeast coast, mainly due to the industrial development in the coastal areas and the main discharge areas of industrial wastewater. In addition, through analyzing typical cases of sudden discharge, cumulative pollution, pollution leakage and pipeline accident, the rationality of treatment measures is analyzed and more effective treatment scheme is put forward.
【作者单位】：长沙理工大学水利工程学院;长沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室;长江科学院;
【基金】：湖南省教育厅资助科研项目(16B010) 长沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室基金(2016SS04) 长江科学院开放研究基金(CKWV2016369/KY)
【分类号】：X52

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