北京密云水库及上游潮、白河大型底栖动物群落结构和水质生物评价
发布时间：2018-11-04 07:49
【摘要】：为研究北京密云水库及上游潮、白河大型底栖动物群落结构时空格局特征,于2015年4月(春季)、8月(夏季)、10月(秋季)下旬按季度在密云水库及上游潮、白河采集样品三次,并进行了大型底栖动物群落结构分析和水质生物评价。主要研究结果如下:1.密云水库大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物评价密云水库8个采样点共检出大型底栖动物15种,隶属2门2纲2科10属,其中环节动物门颤蚓科4种,节肢动物门摇蚊科幼虫11种,优势种为正颤蚓(Tubifex tubifex)和红裸须摇蚊(Propsilocerus akamusi)。不同采样点的种类数为2~11种,年均密度和年均生物量分别为1864±1996 ind./m2和3.10±2.85g/m2,显示密云水库为中营养型水库。底栖动物年均密度白河库区潮河库区库中区,年均生物量白河库区潮河库区及库中区。在库西、白河电站等深水区颤蚓类密度和生物量所占比例一般较高,而在浅水区摇蚊幼虫密度和生物量所占比例较高。底栖动物季节变化上,总密度表现为夏季春季秋季,总生物量表现为春季夏季≈秋季。水库中颤蚓类的密度和生物量与水深、沉积物中总有机碳、总氮以及重金属(Pb、Mn)含量呈显著线性或幂函数正相关,而与沉积物中总磷含量无显著相关性;摇蚊幼虫的密度和生物量与上述5个环境变量均无显著相关性。底栖动物多样性指数(H′、D、GBI和J)在浅水区高于深水区。Pielou均匀度指数和Wright指数评价密云水库水质为轻污染,与水化评价结果较符合,可作为水质生物学评价的重要参考。2.密云水库上游潮河、白河大型底栖动物群落结构及水质生物评价潮河和白河小流域8个采样点共采集到大型底栖动物56种,隶属3门5纲。在潮河4个采样点检出大型底栖动物33种,年平均密度为358 ind./m2,年平均生物量为21.59 g/m2,密度和生物量空间分布整体表现为中间采样点下游端采样点上游端采样点,密度季节变化表现为8月(553 ind./m2)4月(303ind./m2)10月(218 ind./m2),生物量季节变化表现为8月(31.29 g/m2)10月(21.56 g/m2)4月(11.92 g/m2)。在白河4个采样点检出大型底栖动物42种,年平均密度为269 ind./m2,年平均生物量为9.61 g/m2,密度和生物量空间分布明显表现为上游端采样点中间采样点下游端采样点,密度季节变化为8月(446 ind./m2)4月(228 ind./m2)10月(122 ind./m2),生物量季节变化表现为8月(17.34 g/m2)4月(5.51 g/m2)4月(4.97 g/m2)。潮河、白河两条河流大型底栖动物皆以水生昆虫为主,其中清洁水体指示种蜉蝣(Ephemera sp.)为广布种,且为重要优势种。潮河与白河大型底栖动物Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef种类丰度指数、Pielou均匀度指数3种生物多样性指数年均值相近,以此综合评价水质得到的结果相同,均为轻-偏中污染(Ⅱ-Ⅲ)。
[Abstract]:In order to study the spatial and temporal patterns of macrobenthos community structure in Baihe River, Beijing Miyun Reservoir and its upstream tide were observed in April (spring), August (summer), October (autumn) in the last quarter of 2015. Three samples were collected from Baihe River and the community structure of macrobenthos and biological evaluation of water quality were carried out. The main results are as follows: 1. Community structure and water quality of macrobenthos in Miyun Reservoir 15 species of macrobenthos belonging to 2 phyla 2 classes 2 families and 10 genera were detected in 8 sampling sites of Miyun Reservoir. 11 species of Chironomidae larvae of Arthropoda phylum. The dominant species are (Tubifex tubifex) and (Propsilocerus akamusi). The average annual density and biomass were 1864 卤1996 ind./m2 and 3.10 卤2.85 g / m ~ 2, respectively, indicating that Miyun reservoir is a medium nutrition reservoir. The average annual density of benthos is Baihe reservoir Chaohe reservoir middle area annual biomass Baihe reservoir Chaohe reservoir area and middle reservoir area. In Cuoxi, the density and biomass of shivering worms in the deep water areas such as Baihe Hydropower Station are generally higher, while in shallow water areas, the density and biomass of Chironomus larva are higher. In the seasonal variation of benthos, the total density is summer, spring and autumn, and the total biomass is spring and summer 鈮，
本文编号：2309179
[Abstract]:In order to study the spatial and temporal patterns of macrobenthos community structure in Baihe River, Beijing Miyun Reservoir and its upstream tide were observed in April (spring), August (summer), October (autumn) in the last quarter of 2015. Three samples were collected from Baihe River and the community structure of macrobenthos and biological evaluation of water quality were carried out. The main results are as follows: 1. Community structure and water quality of macrobenthos in Miyun Reservoir 15 species of macrobenthos belonging to 2 phyla 2 classes 2 families and 10 genera were detected in 8 sampling sites of Miyun Reservoir. 11 species of Chironomidae larvae of Arthropoda phylum. The dominant species are (Tubifex tubifex) and (Propsilocerus akamusi). The average annual density and biomass were 1864 卤1996 ind./m2 and 3.10 卤2.85 g / m ~ 2, respectively, indicating that Miyun reservoir is a medium nutrition reservoir. The average annual density of benthos is Baihe reservoir Chaohe reservoir middle area annual biomass Baihe reservoir Chaohe reservoir area and middle reservoir area. In Cuoxi, the density and biomass of shivering worms in the deep water areas such as Baihe Hydropower Station are generally higher, while in shallow water areas, the density and biomass of Chironomus larva are higher. In the seasonal variation of benthos, the total density is summer, spring and autumn, and the total biomass is spring and summer 鈮，
本文编号：2309179
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