包头第二热电厂脱硝技术改造性能与经济性分析

发布时间：2018-11-05 15:31

【摘要】：我国一次能源结构比较单一,其中约75%左右来自于煤炭,2011年全国耗煤36.2亿吨,其中燃烧一吨煤炭,氮氧化物大约会产生5 kg至30 kg。根据我国环保部门的测算,2010年全国的火力发电厂一年排出的总的氮氧化物量就有900多万吨,占我国总氮氧化物排放量的三分之一左右,由此可见,火力发电厂排放的烟气是环境污染的主要原因。我们赖以生存的环境不断地变坏,严重影响到了正常生活,所以迫切地需要制定出控制火力发电厂烟气排放标准的相关制度,对火力发电厂锅炉增加脱硝装置显得迫在眉睫。包头第二热电厂两台机组分别于2006年12月和2007年6月建成发电。当时均未装设脱硝装置。烟煤为这两台锅炉用煤种类。改造前,氮氧化物排放浓度非常大,小的时候在450 mg/Nm~3,大的时候能达到630 mg/Nm~3。为配合国家的减排目标,对环境治理做出贡献,我厂决定对#3炉装设脱硝系统,减少氮氧化物的排放浓度。改造前,锅炉的平均氮氧化物排放浓度大概是500 mg/Nm~3,#3炉总的排出值大概为3000吨/年(机组年利用5500小时)。装设脱硝装置后,100 mg/Nm~3的排出值为最高,减少了大概2500吨的氮氧化物排出,对提高包头市的空气质量有很大的作用。还将大幅度减少电厂每年的NO_x排污费。另外,氮氧化物对环境的污染不仅仅是会形成我们现在常见的雾霾天气,还会对人的身体造成不可逆的影响,因为氮氧化物会和空气中的物质结合产生有害物质。所以,减少氮氧化物排放势在必行。
[Abstract]:China's primary energy structure is relatively simple, about 75% of which comes from coal. In 2011, the country consumed 3.62 billion tons of coal, of which one ton of coal was burned and nitrogen oxides produced about 5 kg to 30 kg.. According to the calculation of environmental protection department in China, the total amount of nitrogen oxides discharged from thermal power plants in 2010 is more than 9 million tons, accounting for about 1/3 of the total amount of nitrogen oxides discharged in China. The emission of flue gas from thermal power plants is the main cause of environmental pollution. The environment on which we live is getting worse and worse, which seriously affects the normal life. Therefore, it is urgent to establish the relevant system to control the flue gas emission standard of the thermal power plant, and it is urgent to increase the denitrification device for the boiler in the thermal power plant. The two units of Baotou second Thermal Power Plant were built in December 2006 and June 2007 respectively. No denitrification device was installed at that time. Bituminous coal is the type of coal used in these two boilers. Before revamping, the concentration of NOx emission was very high, reaching 630 mg/Nm~3. at a low level of 450 mg/Nm~3,. In order to meet the national emission reduction target and contribute to environmental control, our plant decided to install denitrification system for # 3 furnace to reduce the concentration of nitrogen oxides. Before revamping, the average nitrogen oxide emission concentration of the boiler is about 3000 tons / year (5500 hours per year). After the installation of the denitrification unit, the emission value of 100 mg/Nm~3 is the highest, which reduces the nitrogen oxide emission of about 2500 tons, which plays a great role in improving the air quality of Baotou city. Will also greatly reduce the annual NO_x power plant sewage charges. In addition, the pollution of nitrogen oxides to the environment will not only form the current haze weather, but also have an irreversible effect on the human body, because nitrogen oxides can combine with substances in the air to produce harmful substances. Therefore, it is imperative to reduce NOx emissions.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X773

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