Trametes versicolor产漆酶及其在有机污染物降解中的应用基础研究
发布时间:2018-11-07 19:47
【摘要】:漆酶(Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2)是一种含铜的多酚类氧化酶,具有广泛的底物特异性,是一种环境友好的绿色催化剂,有重要的工业应用价值。本文对Trametes versicolor(彩绒革盖菌)固态发酵产漆酶进行了研究,并且对T.versicolor及其漆酶在有机污染物降解方面的应用进行了探讨,其研究成果如下:对T.versicolor漆酶的固态发酵条件进行了研究。结果表明,玉米秸秆可作为固态发酵的适宜底物。最适发酵条件为:初始含水量65%,pH值4.5-6.0,发酵温度30℃,接种量10%,且添加0.5%的葡萄糖可以提高漆酶活力。在优化的条件下,固态发酵第10天酶活力可达到32.09 U/g。探究了T.versicolor漆酶对内分泌干扰物双酚A的降解条件。实验结果表明:漆酶对双酚A的降解率在一定范围内随着反应时间的延长及漆酶用量的增加而提高;最适降解条件为:pH 5.0,温度50℃,摇瓶转速120 r/min。介体乙酰丁香酮和ABTS对漆酶降解双酚A具有显著的促进效应。金属离子Cu~(2+)、Zn~(2+)和Co~(2+)对漆酶降解双酚A几乎无影响,而10 mM Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+)对漆酶降解双酚A具有显著的抑制效应。在浓度为1%的条件下,有机化合物丙酮、异丙醇、二甲苯、甲醇、乙腈和乙醚对漆酶降解双酚A无显著影响,而在浓度10%的条件下,丙酮、异丙醇、甲醇和二甲苯对漆酶降解双酚A有显著的抑制作用。对采用T.versicolor固态发酵产漆酶和协同降解双酚A的工艺进行了研究,结果表明,T.versicolor固态发酵产漆酶的同时,可以有效地降解双酚A,且双酚A可以促进漆酶的生产。利用T.versicolor在固态发酵的同时降解双酚A的pH作用范围更大,金属离子(10mM Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+),Co~(2+),Fe~(2+)和Fe~(3+))几乎不影响T.versicolor对双酚A的降解率,尤其是在没有加入介体(ABTS和乙酰丁香酮)的情况下,双酚A的降解率可达90%。除草剂异丙隆易于在土壤中累积并造成坏境污染,对利用T.versicolor漆酶介体系统降解异丙隆的反应条件进行了研究,实验结果表明:由于异丙隆化学结构上存在相对较强的吸电子基团(-NH-CO-N(CH3)2),T.versicolor漆酶直接降解异丙隆的降解率小于10%;在漆酶降解异丙隆的过程中,合成介体比天然介体效率更高,但漆酶易在合成介体HBT中失活。漆酶-HBT系统降解异丙隆的最适pH为5.0,最适温度为50℃,金属离子Cu~(2+),Zn~(2+)和Cd~(2+)可以促进异丙隆的降解;聚乙二醇(PEG)可以提高漆酶-HBT系统对异丙隆的降解率,且PEG可以减少HBT的用量,扩大pH作用范围,不改变最适降解温度。通过GC-MC对转化产物鉴定,低聚反应为漆酶-HBT系统降解异丙隆的主要反应机制。本文的研究成果在污染环境的生物修复领域具有重要的应用价值。
[Abstract]:Laccase (Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2) is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase with broad substrate specificity and is an environmentally friendly green catalyst with important industrial application value. In this paper, the laccase production by solid state fermentation of Trametes versicolor (was studied, and the application of T.versicolor and laccase in the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed. The results are as follows: the conditions of solid-state fermentation of T.versicolor laccase were studied. The results showed that corn straw could be used as a suitable substrate for solid state fermentation. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: initial water content 65%, pH 4.5-6.0, fermentation temperature 30 鈩,
本文编号:2317391
[Abstract]:Laccase (Laccase,EC 1.10.3.2) is a copper-containing polyphenol oxidase with broad substrate specificity and is an environmentally friendly green catalyst with important industrial application value. In this paper, the laccase production by solid state fermentation of Trametes versicolor (was studied, and the application of T.versicolor and laccase in the degradation of organic pollutants was discussed. The results are as follows: the conditions of solid-state fermentation of T.versicolor laccase were studied. The results showed that corn straw could be used as a suitable substrate for solid state fermentation. The optimum fermentation conditions were as follows: initial water content 65%, pH 4.5-6.0, fermentation temperature 30 鈩,
本文编号:2317391
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