油气钻探项目清洁生产评价研究
发布时间：2018-11-08 11:25
【摘要】：油气资源的充足供应关系到我国的经济发展和社会稳定,是当今社会最重要的能源物质之一。伴随着油气资源开发过程,环境污染问题也不能被我们忽视,清洁生产是当前有效解决此项问题的一种途径。钻探工作,作为石油开发过程中过程最复杂、施工作业时间较长、能耗较大的关键生产环节,对该行业实施清洁生产综合评价,可提高生产效率、减轻环境污染,同时对整个石油行业的节能、降耗、减污、增效具有示范作用。本次研究大量调研了国内外在此领域的研究进展和研究成果,对油气开发,特别是油气钻探领域清洁生产的研究和建设现状形成了系统的认识。本文首先重点论述了清洁生产的概念、意义等相关理论;然后分析油气钻探工作流程及特点,在此基础上探索建设清洁生产科学评价体系,重点分析研究了评价指标的选取,权重的计算及指标分级标准的建立等方面,并以油气钻探工作为例选取了钻探工艺与设备指标、资源与能源综合利用指标、污染产生指标、废弃物再利用指标、环境及安全指标5个一级指标和钻井设备、固井设备、井控设备、钻井技术、钻井液、钻井液收集装置等21个二级指标,并利用层次分析法确定指标权重,建立了符合要求的钻探行业清洁生产评价体系并对企业实例进行了评价工作,权重计算结果表明标在准层清洁生产评价指标中,资源与能源综合利用指标贡献最大,在标准层评价指标中井场土地占用与废弃钻井液具有最大的比重;评价结果表明,本次研究目标清洁生产水平处于国内领先水平,特别是资源与能源综合利用方面,但是在设备等方面仍存在不足。为解决研究中发现的油气开发特别是钻探行业清洁生产存在的主要问题和缺陷,本文从政府、企业及社会三个方面提出了具有针对性的解决对策。通过本次研究我们对油气开发所引起的环境问题及在油气开发领域进行清洁生产工作的重要意义形成了系统、清晰的认识。只有进行清洁生产工作,才能从根本上解决油气开发所形成的污染问题,解决经济和环境发展的矛盾。
[Abstract]:The sufficient supply of oil and gas resources is one of the most important energy materials in our society, which is related to the economic development and social stability of our country. With the development of oil and gas resources, the problem of environmental pollution can not be ignored. Cleaner production is an effective way to solve this problem. As the most complex process, long construction time and large energy consumption, drilling is the key link in oil development. Comprehensive evaluation of cleaner production in this industry can improve production efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, the whole oil industry energy saving, consumption reduction, pollution reduction, efficiency has a demonstration role. In this study, a large number of domestic and foreign research progress and research results in this field, oil and gas development, especially in the field of clean production of oil and gas drilling research and construction of the status quo has been formed a systematic understanding. In this paper, the concept of cleaner production, significance and other related theories are discussed. Based on the analysis of the working flow and characteristics of oil and gas drilling, the scientific evaluation system of cleaner production is explored, and the selection of evaluation indexes, the calculation of weights and the establishment of index classification standards are emphatically analyzed and studied. Taking oil and gas drilling as an example, five primary indexes, drilling technology and equipment, comprehensive utilization index of resources and energy, pollution generation index, waste reuse index, environment and safety index, drilling equipment and cementing equipment are selected. Well control equipment, drilling technology, drilling fluid collection equipment, etc., 21 second-order indexes, and the weight of the indexes is determined by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The evaluation system of cleaner production in drilling industry has been established and the enterprise examples have been evaluated. The result of weight calculation shows that the comprehensive utilization index of resources and energy contributes the most in the evaluation index of quasi-layer cleaner production. In the evaluation index of standard layer, the occupation of well site land and the waste drilling fluid have the largest proportion. The evaluation results show that the Cleaner production level of this study is in the leading level in China, especially in the comprehensive utilization of resources and energy, but there are still shortcomings in equipment and so on. In order to solve the main problems and defects in oil and gas development, especially in clean production of drilling industry, this paper puts forward some countermeasures from three aspects: government, enterprise and society. Through this study, we have formed a systematic and clear understanding of the environmental problems caused by oil and gas development and the significance of cleaner production in the field of oil and gas development. Only by carrying out cleaner production can the pollution caused by oil and gas exploitation be solved fundamentally and the contradiction between economy and environment development be solved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X82;X38
本文编号：2318357
[Abstract]:The sufficient supply of oil and gas resources is one of the most important energy materials in our society, which is related to the economic development and social stability of our country. With the development of oil and gas resources, the problem of environmental pollution can not be ignored. Cleaner production is an effective way to solve this problem. As the most complex process, long construction time and large energy consumption, drilling is the key link in oil development. Comprehensive evaluation of cleaner production in this industry can improve production efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. At the same time, the whole oil industry energy saving, consumption reduction, pollution reduction, efficiency has a demonstration role. In this study, a large number of domestic and foreign research progress and research results in this field, oil and gas development, especially in the field of clean production of oil and gas drilling research and construction of the status quo has been formed a systematic understanding. In this paper, the concept of cleaner production, significance and other related theories are discussed. Based on the analysis of the working flow and characteristics of oil and gas drilling, the scientific evaluation system of cleaner production is explored, and the selection of evaluation indexes, the calculation of weights and the establishment of index classification standards are emphatically analyzed and studied. Taking oil and gas drilling as an example, five primary indexes, drilling technology and equipment, comprehensive utilization index of resources and energy, pollution generation index, waste reuse index, environment and safety index, drilling equipment and cementing equipment are selected. Well control equipment, drilling technology, drilling fluid collection equipment, etc., 21 second-order indexes, and the weight of the indexes is determined by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The evaluation system of cleaner production in drilling industry has been established and the enterprise examples have been evaluated. The result of weight calculation shows that the comprehensive utilization index of resources and energy contributes the most in the evaluation index of quasi-layer cleaner production. In the evaluation index of standard layer, the occupation of well site land and the waste drilling fluid have the largest proportion. The evaluation results show that the Cleaner production level of this study is in the leading level in China, especially in the comprehensive utilization of resources and energy, but there are still shortcomings in equipment and so on. In order to solve the main problems and defects in oil and gas development, especially in clean production of drilling industry, this paper puts forward some countermeasures from three aspects: government, enterprise and society. Through this study, we have formed a systematic and clear understanding of the environmental problems caused by oil and gas development and the significance of cleaner production in the field of oil and gas development. Only by carrying out cleaner production can the pollution caused by oil and gas exploitation be solved fundamentally and the contradiction between economy and environment development be solved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X82;X38
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