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新型流道式排污泵汽蚀性能研究

发布时间:2018-11-10 22:57
【摘要】:新型流道式排污泵是国内某泵企为适应市场需求研发的污水泵,由于采用的是一种新式叶轮结构,其水力性能以及汽蚀性能尚未明确。本文的主要工作和取得的成果如下:1.根据已有叶轮与蜗壳的结构尺寸,设计了试验所需的汽蚀筒、试验泵段、管路系统等,完成了电机、扭矩仪、真空泵、流量计、压力传感器等仪器仪表的选型,最终装配搭建了符合试验标准的新型流道式排污泵闭式汽蚀试验台。2.在搭建完成的闭式汽蚀试验台上进行泵的性能试验,并通过重复试验验证了设计试验台的可靠性,其最高效率点参数达到了设计点的要求,额定点参数为流量260m3/h,扬程5.5m,功率5.8kW,效率70.9%。通过抽真空法逐步降低水泵进口压力完成泵的汽蚀试验,作出了各流量下的H-NPSHa曲线以及泵的汽蚀性能曲线,得到额定流量下的临界汽蚀余量为8.41m。3.运用ANSYS CFX软件对新型流道式排污泵进行了外特性数值计算以及汽蚀性能模拟,数值模拟结果均与试验结果相吻合,通过分析压力云图可发现叶轮表面有三处低压区,分别为叶片进口工作面与前盖板连接处、叶片进口背面中部以及叶片背面近出口处,叶轮表面气相分布证实了压力分布的正确性,该三处区域分别为气泡的初生点、次生点与季生点。4.设置四个不同位置监测点,分别采集不同汽蚀程度下的压力脉动信号,并对其进行时域和频域分析,可发现随着汽蚀余量的不断降低,各监测点转频处振幅均呈现总体上升趋势,但在临界汽蚀余量处出现小幅下降的拐点,并且出口处的振幅增长最为明显,说明通过出口转频处振幅变化率来进行新型流道式排污泵的汽蚀故障诊断较为可靠。当出口转频处振幅增长率达到50.79%时,可判定该型流道式排污泵产生汽蚀。
[Abstract]:A new type of flow-channel sewage pump is developed by a pump enterprise in China to meet the needs of the market. Because of the new impeller structure, its hydraulic performance and cavitation performance are not clear. The main work and achievements are as follows: 1. According to the structure size of impeller and volute, the cavitation cylinder, test pump section, pipe system and so on are designed, and the type selection of motor, torque instrument, vacuum pump, Flowmeter, pressure sensor and other instruments are completed. Finally, the closed cavitation test bench of a new type of flow-channel sewage pump was built up in accordance with the test standard. 2. The pump performance test was carried out on a closed cavitation test rig, and the reliability of the designed test rig was verified by repeated tests. The maximum efficiency point parameters reached the requirements of the design point, and the rated point parameters were 260 m3 / h. The head is 5.5 m, the power is 5.8 kW, and the efficiency is 70.9. The cavitation test of the pump was completed by gradually lowering the inlet pressure of the pump by vacuum pumping method. The H-NPSHa curves and the cavitation performance curves of the pump were made under each flow rate. The critical cavitation margin of the pump at rated flow rate was 8.41 m.3. The numerical calculation of external characteristics and cavitation performance of a new type of flow-channel sewage pump is carried out by using ANSYS CFX software. The results of numerical simulation are in agreement with the experimental results. By analyzing the pressure cloud diagram, it can be found that there are three low-pressure regions on the impeller surface. The gas distribution on the surface of the impeller confirms the correctness of the pressure distribution, and the three regions are the primary points of bubble, respectively, where the inlet face of the blade is connected with the front cover plate, the middle part of the back of the blade inlet and the back of the blade near the outlet. Secondary and seasonal points. 4. By setting up four monitoring points in different positions, collecting the pressure pulsation signals under different cavitation degrees, and analyzing them in time domain and frequency domain, it can be found that with the decrease of cavitation margin, The amplitudes of each monitoring point showed an overall upward trend, but a slight decrease occurred at the critical cavitation margin, and the amplitude at the exit increased most obviously. It is proved that the cavitation fault diagnosis of a new type of sewage pump is reliable by the amplitude change rate at the outlet. When the amplitude growth rate of the outlet turn frequency reaches 50.79, the cavitation of this type of drain pump can be determined.
【学位授予单位】:合肥工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:X703.3

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