三峡库区典型支流春季特征及其水华优势种差异分析
发布时间：2018-11-12 10:31
【摘要】：三峡水库蓄水后,多年来众多支流水华频发引起广泛关注。为研究春季三峡库区不同区域典型支流特征及水华的差异性,选取小江、大宁河、香溪河为研究对象,于2015年春季对三条支流进行监测与分析。结果表明:三条支流回水区长度与宽度有所区别,小江、大宁河、香溪河的蜿蜒度分别为2.151、1.384、1.126;长江干流水体以表层倒灌潜入小江,以中上层倒灌潜入大宁河,由中层倒灌潜入香溪河,越靠近库首,其倒灌影响距离相对越远,分别占研究回水范围的61.9%、69.2%和80.7%;温跃层梯度逐渐减小,水温呈现不同的层化结构,回水区上游水温较下游高;三条支流的光混比变化规律相似,水体中的总氮、总磷含量能够为藻类生长提供丰富的营养条件;春季水华的优势藻种及各优势种的分布区域有所不同,回水区上游更易暴发高强度水华,小江水华优势种主要包括蓝藻、绿藻、甲藻、硅藻;大宁河多发生以绿藻为优势藻种的水华,偶尔伴有甲藻、硅藻和隐藻水华,香溪河春季优势共存的水华类型较多见,多发生硅藻、甲藻水华,有时出现绿藻水华。倒灌异重流是三条支流水华暴发呈现分区的主要原因,水温及水动力条件差异是造成三条典型支流水华优势藻种存在差异的主要因素。
[Abstract]:After the three Gorges Reservoir impoundment, many tributaries Shui Hua frequent over the years caused widespread concern. In order to study the characteristics of typical tributaries and the differences of Shui Hua in different regions of the three Gorges Reservoir area in spring, three tributaries were monitored and analyzed in the spring of 2015 by selecting Xiaojiang, Daning River and Xiangxi River as the research objects. The results show that the length and width of the backwater area of the three tributaries are different. The meandering degree of the Xiaojiang River, the Danning River and the Xiangxi River is 2.151 ~ 1.384 ~ 1.126; The water body of the main stream of the Yangtze River sneaks into the Xiaojiang River by the surface layer, the water body of the Yangtze River by the upper-middle layer, and the Xiangxi River by the middle layer. The closer the Yangtze River reaches to the head of the reservoir, the farther the impact of the backwater is, which accounts for 61.9 percent of the range of the study of the return water, respectively. 69.2% and 80.7%; The gradient of thermocline decreases gradually, the water temperature presents different stratification structure, the upstream water temperature of backwater area is higher than that of downstream, the light mixing ratio of the three tributaries is similar, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the water can provide abundant nutrition conditions for algae growth. Shui Hua's dominant algae species and the distribution regions of each dominant species are different in spring. The upper reaches of backwater area are more prone to outbreak of high-intensity Shui Hua, and the dominant species of Xiaojiang water bloom mainly include cyanobacteria, chlorophyta, pyrophyta and diatom. Shui Hua, whose dominant species is Chlorophyta, occasionally accompanied by Pyrophyta, diatom and Cryptoplank1#, and Shui Hua, which coexisted in the Xiangxi River in spring. The main cause of Shui Hua outbreak in three tributaries was the reflux, and the difference of water temperature and hydrodynamic condition was the main factor that caused the difference of the dominant algae species in three typical tributaries, Shui Hua.
【作者单位】： 三峡大学水利与环境学院;湖北工业大学河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB460601) 国家科技合作与交流专项(2014DFE70070) 国家自然科学基金青年基金(51509086) 水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07104-005-01、2014ZX07104-005-02)~~
【分类号】：X524
[Abstract]:After the three Gorges Reservoir impoundment, many tributaries Shui Hua frequent over the years caused widespread concern. In order to study the characteristics of typical tributaries and the differences of Shui Hua in different regions of the three Gorges Reservoir area in spring, three tributaries were monitored and analyzed in the spring of 2015 by selecting Xiaojiang, Daning River and Xiangxi River as the research objects. The results show that the length and width of the backwater area of the three tributaries are different. The meandering degree of the Xiaojiang River, the Danning River and the Xiangxi River is 2.151 ~ 1.384 ~ 1.126; The water body of the main stream of the Yangtze River sneaks into the Xiaojiang River by the surface layer, the water body of the Yangtze River by the upper-middle layer, and the Xiangxi River by the middle layer. The closer the Yangtze River reaches to the head of the reservoir, the farther the impact of the backwater is, which accounts for 61.9 percent of the range of the study of the return water, respectively. 69.2% and 80.7%; The gradient of thermocline decreases gradually, the water temperature presents different stratification structure, the upstream water temperature of backwater area is higher than that of downstream, the light mixing ratio of the three tributaries is similar, the total nitrogen and total phosphorus content in the water can provide abundant nutrition conditions for algae growth. Shui Hua's dominant algae species and the distribution regions of each dominant species are different in spring. The upper reaches of backwater area are more prone to outbreak of high-intensity Shui Hua, and the dominant species of Xiaojiang water bloom mainly include cyanobacteria, chlorophyta, pyrophyta and diatom. Shui Hua, whose dominant species is Chlorophyta, occasionally accompanied by Pyrophyta, diatom and Cryptoplank1#, and Shui Hua, which coexisted in the Xiangxi River in spring. The main cause of Shui Hua outbreak in three tributaries was the reflux, and the difference of water temperature and hydrodynamic condition was the main factor that caused the difference of the dominant algae species in three typical tributaries, Shui Hua.
【作者单位】： 三峡大学水利与环境学院;湖北工业大学河湖生态修复与藻类利用湖北省重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2014CB460601) 国家科技合作与交流专项(2014DFE70070) 国家自然科学基金青年基金(51509086) 水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07104-005-01、2014ZX07104-005-02)~~
【分类号】：X524
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