土壤重金属和有机污染物的微生物修复:生物强化和生物刺激

发布时间：2018-11-21 07:09

【摘要】：生物强化和生物刺激等绿色技术以其经济有效、生态友好的特性,已逐渐成为治理土壤重金属和有机污染的利器。多种细菌、真菌及混合菌群可与物理化学修复手段灵活组合,针对性开展土壤有机污染、重金属污染及复合污染修复。总结近5年代表性研究结果,讨论处理菌株的多来源筛选,其转化/降解不同类型污染物的潜力,着重其在多尺度土壤治理案例中的应用,包括实验室、温室和场地条件下的修复表现。微生物修复的复杂性不仅由于菌的生理和代谢特性差异,还表现在影响因素众多,包括非生物因素,如p H、温度、土壤类型、污染物浓度、水和有机质含量,外加碳源和氮源等生物因素,如接种量,外加菌株和原地土著菌互作,接种物存活等。指出今后联合修复思路和加强分子方法应用的研究方向。
[Abstract]:Green technologies such as biological intensification and biological stimulation have become a powerful tool for controlling soil heavy metals and organic pollution because of their economic efficiency and ecological friendliness. A variety of bacteria, fungi and mixed bacteria can be combined with physical and chemical remediation methods to carry out remediation of soil organic pollution, heavy metal pollution and compound pollution. This paper summarizes the results of the representative studies in the past five years, discusses the multi-source screening of the treatment strains, its potential to transform / degrade different types of pollutants, and emphasizes its application in the case of multi-scale soil treatment, including the laboratory. Repair performance under greenhouse and site conditions. The complexity of microbial remediation is due not only to the differences in physiological and metabolic characteristics of bacteria, but also to a number of factors, including abiotic factors, such as pH, temperature, soil type, pollutant concentration, water and organic matter content. Additional biological factors such as carbon and nitrogen sources, such as inoculation amount, interaction between strains and native bacteria, survival of inoculum, etc. The future research direction of joint repair and application of molecular method is pointed out.
【作者单位】：大连交通大学环境化工学院生物技术研究所;北京新源国能科技集团股份有限公司;
【分类号】：X172;X53

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