温州鳌江流域表层底泥及河岸土壤重金属空间分布与生态风险评价

发布时间：2018-11-24 12:13

【摘要】：为揭示温州鳌江流域重金属污染情况,分别采集该河流的表层底泥与河岸土壤,合计31组,共62个样品。样品经处理后使用光谱仪X-MET 7000测量重金属质量分数,使用土壤背景值、差异性分析、相关性分析和潜在生态评价法分析其中的重金属铬、铜、锌、镍和铅质量分数空间分布及潜在生态风险。结果表明:(1)从整体上看,除铅外,河岸土壤与表层底泥中的其他4种重金属质量分数均显著高于温州市土壤重金属背景值(P0.05),呈现富集现象;底泥与土壤中铬、铜、锌和铅的质量分数差异不显著(P0.05),海口涌潮河水回流是主要原因,而底泥中镍质量分数显著高于岸边土壤(P0.05)。(2)相关性分析表明,表层底泥与河岸土壤中铬、铜、锌之间均存在极显著正相关(P0.01),表层底泥中铜和镍存在显著相关(P0.05),污染主要来源于制革印染和电镀业;铅和其他元素无显著性相关(P0.05)。(3)元素质量分数空间分布分析表明,在生活垃圾堆放、工业废水排放等人为干扰严重河段底泥和土壤的重金属富集程度较高;流域的5种重金属的单因子潜在生态风险与流域整体的综合潜在生态危害分别低于40与150,均属轻微污染。应加强流域周边的产业管理。
[Abstract]:In order to reveal the pollution of heavy metals in the Aojiang River basin of Wenzhou, 62 samples were collected from the surface sediment and riparian soil of the river. After treatment, the heavy metal mass fraction was measured by X-MET 7000, the soil background value, difference analysis, correlation analysis and potential ecological evaluation method were used to analyze the heavy metals chromium, copper and zinc. Spatial distribution of nickel and lead mass fraction and potential ecological risks. The results showed that: (1) on the whole, except lead, the mass fraction of the other four heavy metals in the riverside soil and the surface sediment were significantly higher than the background value of heavy metals in the soil of Wenzhou City (P0.05), which showed enrichment phenomenon; There was no significant difference in Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb content between sediment and soil (P0.05). The main reason was the reflux of Haikou tidal current, while the nickel content in sediment was significantly higher than that in shore soil (P0.05). (2). There was a significant positive correlation between Cr, Cu, Zn in the surface sediment and riverside soil (P0.01), and a significant correlation between Cu and Ni in the surface sediment (P0.05). The pollution mainly came from leather printing, dyeing and electroplating. There was no significant correlation between lead and other elements (P0.05). (3). The spatial distribution of mass fraction of lead and other elements showed that the heavy metal enrichment degree of sediment and soil in serious river reach was higher when industrial waste water was discharged into the heap. The single factor potential ecological risk of five heavy metals in the basin and the comprehensive potential ecological hazard of the whole basin were lower than 40 and 150 respectively. The industrial management around the watershed should be strengthened.
【作者单位】：浙江农林大学林业与生物技术学院;
【基金】：浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LQ17C160004)
【分类号】：X52;X826

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