印染废水处理系统中锑的迁移转化规律及其处理工艺研究
发布时间：2018-12-15 03:13
【摘要】：金属锑(Sb)污染是近年来印染工业污染防治中面临的新挑战,国家与各地政府高度重视印染工业的Sb污染防治工作。针对日益严格的Sb污染物排放标准,开发经济、高效、稳定的Sb污染防治技术显得尤为迫切。目前,我国对印染行业废水Sb污染防治的相关研究较少。因此,开展印染企业和污水厂对Sb去除效果的现状评估,并在此基础上研究Sb预处理技术和深度处理技术,对于防治印染废水中Sb污染,保障印染工业健康可持续发展,具有重要的现实价值和战略意义。本文选择嘉兴市两家典型涉锑污染源排放印染企业及以印染废水为主的城镇污水处理厂为研究对象,研究了锑在污水预处理系统及城镇污水处理系统中的迁移转化规律,对其各单元削减Sb效果进行评价,同时考察了现有锑浓度对生化系统的影响。在此基础上,分别对印染企业预处理工艺和城镇污水处理厂进行强化处理技术研究,和深度处理技术研究。主要研究结果如下:1、评价了两家典型印染企业污水预处理工艺对Sb的削减效果。结果表明:印染废水进水Sb浓度约为600～1200μg·L~(-1)。预处理系统对Sb去除效果为51.51%～63.50%,其中气浮法和混凝沉淀法是预处理系统的关键,其对Sb的去除效果分别在22.08～41.92%、51.67%。污水预处理系统对Sb的去除率较高,但出水均未达国家排放标准。两大印染企业进出水中溶解态Sb均以Sb(V)为主,且主要通过污泥形式进行外排。2、评价了城镇污水处理厂C污水处理工艺对Sb的削减效果。处理厂C现有生化-深度处理工艺对污水中Sb的去除效果不明显,出水未达国家排放标准。污水厂进出水中可溶态Sb均以Sb(V)为主。此外,现有污水中Sb(V)浓度对生化系统的正常运行及菌群分布几乎无影响。3、针对印染企业现有Sb废水预处理工艺不达标的现状,强化混凝沉淀预处理工艺。通过混凝剂的筛选、初始pH、投加量及絮凝时间的优化,确认最佳反应条件为:pH=11,PFS投加量为100mg·L~(-1),絮凝反应10min,此时对300μg-L~(-1)的Sb(V)模拟废水出水浓度为71.4μg·L~(-1),去除率为78.0%,是现有印染企业内部污水处理系统混凝工艺的1.56～1.9倍,能较好的实现印染企业内含锑印染废水的达标排放。4、针对城镇污水处理厂现有Sb处理工艺不佳,出水不达标的现状,提出nZVI/AC深度处理印染Sb废水技术。利用液相还原法制备nZVI、nZVI/AC吸附剂,通过对反应体系、负载量、初始pH以及投加量进行研究,确认最佳反应条件为:在N2氛围下,15 wt%ZVI/AC投加量为0.2g·L~(-1),初始pH为7.5(原水pH),反应2 h后,Sb(V)的去除率达到76.2%,出水浓度仅为23.8μg·L~(-1),此时反应动力学常数为0.01168min~(-1)。通过对去除机理的研究,发现Fe~(2+)是反应过程中的主要活性物质,去除过程中主要依靠Fe(0)和Fe~(2+)的还原作用,将Sb(Ⅴ)还原成Sb(Ⅲ),并通过吸附作用去除,以实现城镇污水处理厂含锑印染废水的达标排放。
[Abstract]:In recent years, antimony (Sb) pollution is a new challenge in printing and dyeing industry. The state and local governments attach great importance to the prevention and control of Sb pollution in printing and dyeing industry. It is urgent to develop economical, efficient and stable Sb pollution prevention technology in view of the increasingly strict Sb pollutant emission standard. At present, there are few researches on Sb pollution prevention of printing and dyeing wastewater in China. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current situation of Sb removal in printing and dyeing enterprises and wastewater plants, and on this basis to study the Sb pretreatment technology and advanced treatment technology, which can prevent and control Sb pollution in printing and dyeing wastewater and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of printing and dyeing industry. It has important realistic value and strategic significance. In this paper, the migration and transformation of antimony in sewage pretreatment system and sewage treatment system were studied by selecting two typical antimony pollution sources and printing and dyeing enterprises and the municipal wastewater treatment plant as the research object. The effect of Sb reduction in each unit was evaluated, and the effect of antimony concentration on biochemical system was investigated. On this basis, the pretreatment process of printing and dyeing enterprises and the urban sewage treatment plant were studied respectively. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of wastewater pretreatment on Sb reduction in two typical printing and dyeing enterprises was evaluated. The results show that the influent Sb concentration of dyeing wastewater is about 600 渭 g / L ~ (-1). The removal effect of Sb in the pretreatment system was 51.51% and 63.50, among which the air floatation method and coagulation precipitation method were the key points of the pretreatment system. The removal efficiency of Sb was 22.08 ~ 41.92% and 51.67% respectively. The removal rate of Sb in wastewater pretreatment system is high, but the effluent is not up to the national discharge standard. The dissolved Sb in the two major printing and dyeing enterprises was mainly Sb (V) and discharged mainly through sludge. 2. The reduction effect of C sewage treatment process on Sb in urban sewage treatment plant was evaluated. The removal effect of Sb in wastewater by the existing biochemical advanced treatment process of treatment plant C is not obvious, and the effluent does not meet the national discharge standard. Sb (V) is the main soluble Sb in wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the concentration of Sb (V) in the existing wastewater has little effect on the normal operation of biochemical system and the distribution of bacteria. 3. In view of the fact that the existing pretreatment process of Sb wastewater in printing and dyeing enterprises is not up to standard, the coagulation and precipitation pretreatment process is strengthened. Through the selection of coagulant, the initial dosage of pH, and the optimization of flocculation time, the optimum reaction conditions are confirmed as follows: the dosage of pH=11,PFS is 100mg L ~ (-1), and the flocculation reaction is 10 min. The effluent concentration of 300 渭 g-L ~ (-1) Sb (V) simulated wastewater is 71.4 渭 g / L ~ (-1), and the removal rate is 78.0, which is 1.561.9 times as much as that of the existing coagulation process in the domestic wastewater treatment system of printing and dyeing enterprises. The discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater containing antimony in printing and dyeing enterprises can be achieved well. 4. In view of the existing Sb treatment process of urban sewage treatment plant is not good and the effluent is not up to standard, the advanced treatment technology of nZVI/AC for printing and dyeing Sb wastewater is put forward. NZVI,nZVI/AC adsorbents were prepared by liquid phase reduction method. By studying the reaction system, loading amount, initial pH and dosage, it was found that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: in N _ 2 atmosphere, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: 1. The dosage of 15 wt%ZVI/AC was 0.2g L ~ (-1), the initial pH was 7.5.The removal rate of, Sb (V) reached 76.2% after pH), reaction in raw water for 2 h, and the effluent concentration was only 23.8 渭 g L ~ (-1). The kinetic constant is 0.01168 min-1. Through the study of removal mechanism, it is found that Fe~ (2) is the main active substance in the reaction process, and Sb (鈪，
本文编号：2379863
[Abstract]:In recent years, antimony (Sb) pollution is a new challenge in printing and dyeing industry. The state and local governments attach great importance to the prevention and control of Sb pollution in printing and dyeing industry. It is urgent to develop economical, efficient and stable Sb pollution prevention technology in view of the increasingly strict Sb pollutant emission standard. At present, there are few researches on Sb pollution prevention of printing and dyeing wastewater in China. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the current situation of Sb removal in printing and dyeing enterprises and wastewater plants, and on this basis to study the Sb pretreatment technology and advanced treatment technology, which can prevent and control Sb pollution in printing and dyeing wastewater and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of printing and dyeing industry. It has important realistic value and strategic significance. In this paper, the migration and transformation of antimony in sewage pretreatment system and sewage treatment system were studied by selecting two typical antimony pollution sources and printing and dyeing enterprises and the municipal wastewater treatment plant as the research object. The effect of Sb reduction in each unit was evaluated, and the effect of antimony concentration on biochemical system was investigated. On this basis, the pretreatment process of printing and dyeing enterprises and the urban sewage treatment plant were studied respectively. The main results are as follows: 1. The effect of wastewater pretreatment on Sb reduction in two typical printing and dyeing enterprises was evaluated. The results show that the influent Sb concentration of dyeing wastewater is about 600 渭 g / L ~ (-1). The removal effect of Sb in the pretreatment system was 51.51% and 63.50, among which the air floatation method and coagulation precipitation method were the key points of the pretreatment system. The removal efficiency of Sb was 22.08 ~ 41.92% and 51.67% respectively. The removal rate of Sb in wastewater pretreatment system is high, but the effluent is not up to the national discharge standard. The dissolved Sb in the two major printing and dyeing enterprises was mainly Sb (V) and discharged mainly through sludge. 2. The reduction effect of C sewage treatment process on Sb in urban sewage treatment plant was evaluated. The removal effect of Sb in wastewater by the existing biochemical advanced treatment process of treatment plant C is not obvious, and the effluent does not meet the national discharge standard. Sb (V) is the main soluble Sb in wastewater treatment plant. In addition, the concentration of Sb (V) in the existing wastewater has little effect on the normal operation of biochemical system and the distribution of bacteria. 3. In view of the fact that the existing pretreatment process of Sb wastewater in printing and dyeing enterprises is not up to standard, the coagulation and precipitation pretreatment process is strengthened. Through the selection of coagulant, the initial dosage of pH, and the optimization of flocculation time, the optimum reaction conditions are confirmed as follows: the dosage of pH=11,PFS is 100mg L ~ (-1), and the flocculation reaction is 10 min. The effluent concentration of 300 渭 g-L ~ (-1) Sb (V) simulated wastewater is 71.4 渭 g / L ~ (-1), and the removal rate is 78.0, which is 1.561.9 times as much as that of the existing coagulation process in the domestic wastewater treatment system of printing and dyeing enterprises. The discharge of printing and dyeing wastewater containing antimony in printing and dyeing enterprises can be achieved well. 4. In view of the existing Sb treatment process of urban sewage treatment plant is not good and the effluent is not up to standard, the advanced treatment technology of nZVI/AC for printing and dyeing Sb wastewater is put forward. NZVI,nZVI/AC adsorbents were prepared by liquid phase reduction method. By studying the reaction system, loading amount, initial pH and dosage, it was found that the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: in N _ 2 atmosphere, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: 1. The dosage of 15 wt%ZVI/AC was 0.2g L ~ (-1), the initial pH was 7.5.The removal rate of, Sb (V) reached 76.2% after pH), reaction in raw water for 2 h, and the effluent concentration was only 23.8 渭 g L ~ (-1). The kinetic constant is 0.01168 min-1. Through the study of removal mechanism, it is found that Fe~ (2) is the main active substance in the reaction process, and Sb (鈪，
本文编号：2379863
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