造纸废水余热应用研究

发布时间：2018-12-18 19:40

【摘要】：全球经济的高速增长带来了能源短缺和环境破坏两大问题,节能减排成为当今世界关注的热点问题。我国每年排放大量的工业废水,其中造纸废水的排放量居于首位。造纸废水中蕴含着大量的可回收热能,将其回收利用既可以节约能源消耗,还可以改善环境质量。因此,本文开展了对造纸废水余热应用技术的研究。造纸业作为一种高耗能、耗水的产业,其工艺流程需要大量高温的热水和蒸汽。随之产生的造纸废水也具有较高的温度,余热可回收利用价值大。废水源热泵技术是一项高效节能的低位热能回收技术,可以将低温废水的热量回收制取高温热水或者空气,适用于造纸废水的余热回收和利用。从政府的节能减排政策、能源和环境形势、造纸企业的自身需求等方面论述了对造纸废水余热进行回收利用的必要性。并且结合对山东太阳纸业造纸废水概况的调研,分析发现造纸废水经污水处理系统处理后的再生水是可利用的低位热源,可以满足余热回用的条件。企业及周边地区热需求量大,可将回收的热量充分应用。企业组织架构完善,对项目的实践应用也十分有利。制定了利用热泵技术回收再生废水余热制取热水,用以冬季供暖和夏季锅炉制备蒸汽预热的方案。提出了一种废热梯级回收热泵系统,废热水先通过预热换热器对蓄热冷水进行预热,然后再进入水源热泵系统作为热源,经过多级热量利用将废热充分回收。对系统的整体性能系数进行分析,表明预热可有效提高热泵系统的性能。对热泵机房设备进行选型,选用离心式热泵机组,出水温度可达60℃。通过对项目的初投资和运行费用进行分析计算,对项目进行了经济性评价。项目财务内部收益率高于选定的行业基准收益率,财务净现值大于零,回收期短,经济效益较好。从初投资、年运行费用、年营业收入三方面对项目进行敏感性分析后,发现项目的抗风险能力较强。因此,该项目的经济评价较好,可投资价值大。项目运行过程中仅需要消耗少量的电能,就可以将废水余热充分回收利用。对废热的应用大大减少了能源的使用,每年可以节省大量的能源开支,节能效益显著。化石能源消耗的减少还降低了温室气体、烟尘和煤渣的排放量,改善环境效果突出。
[Abstract]:The rapid growth of global economy has brought energy shortage and environmental damage, energy saving and emission reduction has become a hot issue in the world. A large amount of industrial wastewater is discharged every year in China, among which the discharge of papermaking wastewater is the first. Papermaking wastewater contains a large amount of recoverable heat energy, which can not only save energy consumption, but also improve environmental quality. Therefore, the application technology of waste heat in papermaking wastewater is studied in this paper. As a high energy-consuming and water-consuming industry, the process of paper industry requires a lot of hot water and steam. The resulting paper-making wastewater also has a higher temperature, and the waste heat can be recycled. Waste water source heat pump technology is a low level heat recovery technology with high efficiency and energy saving. It can be used to recover heat from low temperature wastewater into hot water or air at high temperature, which is suitable for waste heat recovery and utilization of papermaking wastewater. This paper discusses the necessity of recycling the waste heat of papermaking wastewater from the government's policies of energy saving and emission reduction, the situation of energy and environment, and the demand of papermaking enterprises. Based on the survey of paper making wastewater from Yangyang Paper Industry in Shandong Province, it is found that the recycled water after being treated by sewage treatment system is a low heat source, which can meet the conditions of waste heat reuse. The heat demand of enterprises and surrounding areas is large, and the recovered heat can be fully applied. The enterprise organization structure is perfect, also very advantageous to the project practice application. The heat pump technology is used to recover waste heat from regenerated wastewater to make hot water for heating in winter and steam preheating for boiler in summer. A waste heat cascade recovery heat pump system is proposed. The waste hot water is preheated by preheating heat exchangers to preheat the regenerative cold water and then into the water source heat pump system as a heat source. The waste heat is fully recovered through multistage heat utilization. The analysis of the overall performance coefficient of the system shows that preheating can effectively improve the performance of the heat pump system. The centrifugal heat pump unit is selected for the selection of heat pump equipment. The effluent temperature can reach 60 鈩，

本文编号：2386396