长三角地区中小型工业锅炉烟气污染现状及控制技术综合评价

发布时间：2019-01-22 14:36

【摘要】：火电和工业锅炉是大气污染物的主要排放源,随着火电行业治理措施趋于饱和,减排的重任逐渐转移到工业锅炉。长三角作为中国经济最发达的地区,也是污染物排放最多、大气复合污染最严重的地区之一。长三角地区中小型工业锅炉众多,排放高度低且靠近城市,严重危害城市环境和居民健康,其烟气污染治理刻不容缓。本文研究了长三角地区工业锅炉污染物排放情况及行业分布,并以浙江省为例分析了工业锅炉治理现状。从地理分布上看,苏南、浙北、上海和安徽中部污染物排放较多;从行业分布来看,化工行业是江苏、浙江、安徽三个省的主要排放源,上海市的最大排放源是石化行业。工业锅炉目前仍以10t/h以下的小锅炉为主,燃烧方式主要为层燃燃烧。本文建立了中小型工业锅炉的烟气污染控制技术综合评价体系,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,结合模糊综合评价法对模糊对象进行定量分析,得到了不同吨位区间锅炉各烟气治理技术综合评价排序。对于中小型工业锅炉,经济性指标权重最大,随着锅炉容量增加,技术性能和环境特性重要性逐渐增强。根据综合评价结果,基于不同燃烧方式、燃料种类和排放标准,给出了相应的脱硫脱硝除尘推荐技术。其中燃油燃气锅炉环境特性很好,易达到超低排放要求;燃煤锅炉要达到超低排放标准或火电的特别排放限值则需安装脱除率较高的烟气污染治理设施。
[Abstract]:Thermal power and industrial boilers are the main emission sources of atmospheric pollutants. With the treatment of thermal power industry tends to saturation, the responsibility of emission reduction is gradually transferred to industrial boilers. Yangtze River Delta, as the most developed region in China, is also one of the regions with the most pollutant emission and the most serious air pollution. There are many industrial boilers in Yangtze River Delta with low emission and close to the city, which seriously endanger the urban environment and the health of the residents, so it is urgent to control the flue gas pollution. The discharge and distribution of pollutants from industrial boilers in Yangtze River Delta region are studied in this paper. Taking Zhejiang Province as an example, the present situation of industrial boiler treatment is analyzed. The chemical industry is the main emission source in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui provinces, and the largest emission source in Shanghai is petrochemical industry. At present, the industrial boiler is still small boiler below 10t/h, and the combustion mode is mainly stratified combustion. In this paper, a comprehensive evaluation system of flue gas pollution control technology for medium and small industrial boilers is established. The index weight is determined by AHP, and the fuzzy object is quantitatively analyzed with fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method. The comprehensive evaluation and ranking of flue gas treatment technology of boiler with different tonnage range are obtained. For medium and small industrial boilers, the weight of economic indexes is the largest. With the increase of boiler capacity, the importance of technical performance and environmental characteristics increases gradually. According to the comprehensive evaluation results, based on different combustion modes, fuel types and emission standards, the corresponding recommended technologies for desulphurization and denitrification are given. The environmental characteristics of oil-fired and gas-fired boilers are very good, which are easy to meet the requirements of ultra-low emission, while coal-fired boilers need to install the flue gas pollution treatment facilities with high removal rate to meet the ultra-low emission standard or special emission limit of thermal power.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X77

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