不确定条件下的石油污染地下水修复系统多属性决策分析

发布时间：2019-02-14 15:32

【摘要】：随着我国工业的不断发展,经济水平的不断提高,全国范围内的地下水环境也遭到了不同程度的污染。近年来,随着地下水污染事件的频繁爆发,地下水污染问题得到了政府和人民越来越多的关注。面对生态环境的破坏和民众饮水安全问题的担忧,有必要采取及时有效的治理措施,对地下水污染进行评价和修复,缓解水资源危机,维持社会的和谐稳定。经过多年的研究,在地下水治理和修复技术、工艺方面已经相当成熟,短时间难以有所突破,许多学者将研究方向转移到地下水修复系统与数值优化技术的结合方面。本论文基于抽出处理法、生物修复等工艺技术,采用TOPSIS法、PROMETHEE等多属性、多目标决策方法对不同修复周期下40个备选修复方案进行优选,并建立权重优化模型解决现实中的权重信息不完全确定问题。在优选过程中,选择抽吸率、污染物残留浓度平均值、修复总成本和健康风险值作为评价指标。研究结果表明,对污染场地施以越长时间的修复,修复效果越好,健康风险越低,但所需成本更高。例如,5年修复只需花费1.109×106美元,就能使污染物浓度降至2.108mg/L,致癌风险约为3.849×104;10年修复成本约为5年的3倍,污染物残留浓度降至0.228mg/L,风险值低于5年的1/4;15年修复成本继续攀升,为5年的4倍有余,污染物残留浓度为5年的2.78%,致癌风险更低;20年修复的成本最高,为11.864×106美元,但污染物浓度和健康风险低至0.012mg/L和0.186×104。总之,更好的环境效益和较低的健康风险虽然耗费更多的资金,但从长远利益考虑是值得的。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of industry and the improvement of economic level, the groundwater environment in China has been polluted to varying degrees. In recent years, with the frequent outbreak of groundwater pollution events, groundwater pollution has been paid more and more attention by the government and people. In the face of the damage of ecological environment and the concern of drinking water safety, it is necessary to take timely and effective treatment measures to evaluate and repair groundwater pollution, to alleviate the crisis of water resources and to maintain social harmony and stability. After many years of research, the technology of groundwater treatment and remediation has been quite mature, and it is difficult to break through in a short time. Many scholars have shifted their research direction to the combination of groundwater remediation system and numerical optimization technology. Based on the extraction treatment, bioremediation and other techniques, 40 alternative restoration schemes under different repair cycles are selected by using TOPSIS method, PROMETHEE and other multi-attribute, multi-objective decision making methods in this paper. The weight optimization model is established to solve the problem of incomplete determination of weight information in reality. In the process of optimal selection, the suction rate, the average residual concentration of pollutants, the total cost of remediation and the health risk were selected as the evaluation indexes. The results show that the longer the contaminated site is repaired, the better the restoration effect is, the lower the health risk, but the higher the cost. For example, five years of repair cost only $1.109 by $10 6 to bring the concentration of pollutants down to 2.108 mg / L, with a cancer risk of about 3.849 脳 10 ~ 4; The cost of remediation in 10 years was about three times that of 5 years, and the residual concentration of pollutants decreased to 0.228 mg / L, and the risk value was less than 1 / 4 of that of 5 years. The cost of remediation continued to rise in 15 years, more than 4 times as much as that of 5 years, and the residual concentration of pollutants was 2.78% of that of 5 years, so the risk of carcinogenesis was lower. Repair costs were highest in 20 years, at $11.864 脳 10 ~ 6, but pollutant concentrations and health risks were as low as 0.012mg/L and 0.186 脳 10 ~ 4. Overall, better environmental benefits and lower health risks, while more costly, are worthwhile in the long run.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X523

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