北京市城市热岛效应与PM2.5及PM10浓度分布关系研究

发布时间：2019-02-22 12:19

【摘要】：随着我国城市化与工业化进程加快,人为因素对城市气候以及空气质量的影响愈发明显,城市热岛效应与城市大气污染问题愈发突出,工业生产燃烧矿物质燃料释放出巨大热量的同时也伴随着大量大气污染物气体的排放,其中,PM2.5、PM10污染对城市大气环境影响巨大。而这些污染物能够影响大气输送过程,改变城市大气垂直运动,从而影响城市气温,进一步影响城市热岛分布。不同城市由于地形地貌以及污染源位置的不同,污染物对城市热岛效应的影响也有所差异。研究两者之间的分布关系对了解城市污染与热岛效应形成原因,污染物传输机制等方面有着重要的意义;对城市布局,工厂选址,大气污染治理起到辅助决策作用。本文运用北京市环境监测点数据与气象站数据,结合遥感数据从以下几方面对北京市城市热岛效应与PM2.5、PM10浓度分布关系进行研究,研究内容包括:(1)对北京市主要大气污染物进行研究,对不同类型监测点的不同污染物逐月,分季度进行讨论,并且对一天之内污染物的变化进行分析。对PM2.5、PM10浓度的空间分布进行研究。按照国家空气质量标准划分标准对北京市PM2.5、PM10污染区域进行污染等级划分。(2)对北京市气温分布规律及热岛强度进行研究。对不同季节城、郊气温以及热岛强度进行分析,对一天之内的热岛强度变化进行了分析。对北京市热岛空间分布进行分析,按照相关划分规则,对北京市热岛区域进行等级划分。(3)对PM2.5、PM10与主要大气污染物之间进行相关性分析及回归分析。从时间上对PM2.5、PM10浓度与热岛强度数据进行相关性分析并且对两者的空间格局进行分析。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization in China, the influence of human factors on urban climate and air quality is becoming more and more obvious, and the problem of urban heat island effect and urban air pollution is becoming more and more prominent. Industrial production and combustion of mineral fuels release a great deal of heat, but also accompanied by a large number of atmospheric pollutant gas emissions, among which, PM2.5,PM10 pollution on the urban atmospheric environment has a great impact. These pollutants can affect the atmospheric transport process, change the vertical movement of urban atmosphere, thus affect the urban air temperature, and further affect the distribution of urban heat island. The effects of pollutants on urban heat island are different in different cities due to the different topography and landform as well as the location of pollution sources. The study of the distribution relationship between the two plays an important role in understanding the cause of the formation of urban pollution and heat island effect and the mechanism of pollutant transfer, and plays an auxiliary decision-making role in the urban layout, the location of factories and the control of air pollution. In this paper, the relationship between urban heat island effect and PM2.5,PM10 concentration distribution in Beijing is studied from the following aspects by using the data of environmental monitoring points and meteorological stations in Beijing and remote sensing data. The research contents are as follows: (1) the main air pollutants in Beijing are studied, the different pollutants in different types of monitoring sites are discussed month by month and quarterly, and the variation of pollutants in one day is analyzed. The spatial distribution of PM2.5,PM10 concentration was studied. According to the national air quality standard, the pollution grade of PM2.5,PM10 pollution area in Beijing was classified. (2) the distribution of air temperature and the intensity of heat island in Beijing were studied. The temperature and the intensity of the heat island in different seasons were analyzed, and the change of the intensity of the heat island in one day was analyzed. This paper analyzes the spatial distribution of heat island in Beijing, and classifies the heat island area in Beijing according to the relevant classification rules. (3) the correlation analysis and regression analysis between PM2.5,PM10 and main air pollutants are carried out. The correlation between PM2.5,PM10 concentration and heat island intensity data was analyzed in time and the spatial pattern of both was analyzed.
【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X16;X513

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