镉污染水稻土中水稻氮素营养的SPAD诊断

发布时间：2019-03-12 16:59

【摘要】：治理和安全利用重金属污染水稻土过程中,氮素营养的快速诊断是制定合理施肥措施的基础。叶绿素测定仪SPAD已广泛应用于非污染耕地土壤中玉米、小麦和棉花等作物的氮素营养诊断,然而针对镉污染条件下的不同类型水稻土,SPAD在诊断水稻氮素营养的适应性方面仍然缺乏系统研究。本研究采集了我国水稻主产区的21种典型水稻土,以德农2000为供试水稻品种,设置无镉污染、轻度镉污染、重度镉污染处理的水稻盆栽试验,研究水稻叶片SPAD值对镉污染水稻土氮素供应诊断和水稻产量预测的能力。结果表明:水稻土类型影响了水稻叶片SPAD值对不同水平镉污染的响应,土壤p H是主控因子,其相对影响的平均值为20%。水稻叶片SPAD值与不同生育期水稻籽粒氮素含量显著正相关,其中拔节期的相关系数最大;同时水稻叶片SPAD值与水稻营养生长期(苗期至拔节期)土壤溶液总氮和铵态氮含量呈显著正相关,且不受镉污染程度和土壤类型的影响。总体上,不同生育期(尤其是拔节期)水稻叶片的SPAD值可以表征镉污染条件下不同类型水稻土氮素养分供应对水稻氮素营养的影响。
[Abstract]:In the process of controlling and safely utilizing heavy metals to pollute paddy soil, the rapid diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition is the basis of establishing rational fertilization measures. Chlorophyll analyzer SPAD has been widely used to diagnose nitrogen nutrition of maize, wheat, cotton and other crops in unpolluted cultivated soil. However, different types of paddy soil under cadmium pollution have been studied. There is still a lack of systematic research on the adaptability of SPAD in diagnosing nitrogen nutrition in rice. In this study, 21 typical paddy soils from the main rice producing areas in China were collected, and a pot experiment of rice without cadmium pollution, light cadmium pollution and heavy cadmium pollution was carried out with Denong 2000 as the tested rice variety. The ability of rice leaf SPAD value to diagnose nitrogen supply and predict rice yield in CD-contaminated paddy soil was studied. The results showed that the type of paddy soil affected the response of SPAD value of rice leaves to cadmium pollution at different levels. The soil pH was the main control factor, and the average value of relative effect was 20%. The SPAD value of rice leaves was positively correlated with the nitrogen content in grain of rice at different growth stages, and the correlation coefficient at jointing stage was the highest. At the same time, the SPAD value of rice leaves was significantly positively correlated with the total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content in soil solution during the vegetative growth period of rice (from seedling stage to jointing stage), and was not affected by the degree of cadmium pollution and soil type. On the whole, the SPAD value of rice leaves at different growth stages (especially at jointing stage) can be used to characterize the effect of nitrogen supply on nitrogen nutrition in different types of paddy soil under cadmium pollution.
【作者单位】：土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所);中国科学院大学;云南农业大学资源环境学院;
【基金】：国家绿肥产业技术体系项目(CARS-22-G-14) 国家重点研究计划项目(2016YFD0200300) 中国科学院科技服务网络计划项目(KFJ-SW-STS-142)资助
【分类号】：S511;X173

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