活性炭纤维对底泥中芳香族有机污染物的吸附性能研究

发布时间：2019-04-25 21:36

【摘要】：大部分芳香族有机污染物不易自然降解,并且可以通过食物链进入动植物内部,再富集后对人类健康造成威胁,因此底泥中芳香族有机污染物的治理日益成为河道水体污染综合治理的重要内容之一。活性炭纤维以微孔结构为主,在吸附、脱附过程中效率高,所以活性炭纤维吸附成为一种有效的分离方法。本研究提出使用活性炭纤维作为覆盖材料对底泥中芳香族有机污染物进行修复。通过三种活性炭纤维(A.活性炭网;B.活性炭无纺布;C.活性炭毡)的基本理化性质表征、吸附试验和底泥原位治理静态模拟实验,得出如下结论:(1)三种活性炭纤维基本结构相似,都属于石墨结构;相比之下,活性炭纤维C孔隙结构发达,孔径较小,比表面积和孔体积大、极性小,碳化完全、纤维直径小而均匀,表面较光滑,空间上呈三维立体结构。(2)三种活性炭纤维对不同类型芳香族化合物的最大吸附量的趋势基本上是一致的,均为苯萘菲芘;活性炭纤维对芳香族化合物的吸附时间随分子体积增大而变长;吸附量随吸附质的平衡质量浓度增加而增加。(3)三种活性炭纤维对五种芳香族化合物的动力学吸附均符合二级动力学方程;等温吸附模型符合Langmuir模型与Freundich模型。(4)活性炭纤维C对芳香族化合物的吸附能力强于其他两种活性炭纤维;且活性炭纤维C由快速吸附向慢速吸附转变过程不明显。(5)活性炭纤维C对底泥上覆水中菲、芘的吸附效果较好,吸附随时间变化明显;但是增加活性炭纤维的厚度对上覆水中吸附质的浓度变化不大。
[Abstract]:Most of the aromatic organic pollutants are not easily degraded naturally and can enter animals and plants through the food chain, which after enrichment poses a threat to human health. Therefore, the treatment of aromatic organic pollutants in sediment is becoming one of the important contents of comprehensive treatment of river water pollution. Activated carbon fiber (ACF) is characterized by micropore structure and high efficiency in the process of adsorption and desorption, so the adsorption of ACF becomes an effective separation method. In this study, activated carbon fiber (ACF) was used as a covering material for remediation of aromatic organic pollutants in sediment. Through three kinds of activated carbon fibers (A. B. Activated carbon nonwoven fabric; C. The basic physical and chemical properties of activated carbon felt (ACF) were characterized, adsorption test and static simulation experiment of in-situ treatment of sludge were carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the basic structures of three ACF fibers are similar, all of which belong to graphite structure; In contrast, activated carbon fiber C has well-developed pore structure, small pore size, large specific surface area and pore volume, small polarity, complete carbonization, small and uniform fiber diameter and smooth surface. (2) the trend of the maximum adsorption capacity of three kinds of activated carbon fibers to different aromatic compounds is basically the same, all of which are benzene naphthalene pyrene; (2) the maximum adsorption capacity of the three kinds of activated carbon fibers to different aromatic compounds is basically the same; The adsorption time of activated carbon fiber to aromatic compounds increases with the increase of molecular volume. The adsorption capacity increases with the increase of the equilibrium mass concentration of adsorbents. (3) the kinetic adsorption of five aromatic compounds by three kinds of activated carbon fibers accords with the second-order kinetic equation; The isothermal adsorption model accords with the Langmuir model and the Freundich model. (4) the adsorption capacity of activated carbon fiber C to aromatic compounds is stronger than that of the other two activated carbon fibers. The conversion of activated carbon fiber C from rapid adsorption to slow adsorption is not obvious. (5) the adsorption effect of activated carbon fiber C on phenanthrene and pyrene in the overlying water of sediment is better, and the adsorption change with time is obvious. However, increasing the thickness of activated carbon fiber has little effect on the concentration of adsorbents in overlying water.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52

【相似文献】