2015年春节期间天津烟花爆竹燃放对空气质量的影响

发布时间：2019-08-13 14:16

【摘要】：为了解2015年春节期间烟花爆竹燃放对天津市空气质量的影响,在天津市环境监测中心利用在线监测仪器对环境空气中的气态污染物浓度(SO_2、O_3、NO、NO_2等)、颗粒物浓度(PM_(1.0)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)等)、颗粒物水溶性离子、有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)进行连续观测.通过烟花爆竹燃放时段和正常时段的对比,分析并探讨烟花爆竹燃放对各污染物排放特征的影响.结果表明,烟花爆竹集中燃放对PM_(1.0)、PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)和SO_2的影响最为显著,燃放高峰期(初一0:00),其浓度分别为284.00,428.00,714.00,283.14μg/m~3,且燃放期间,其平均值分别比非燃放期增加了2.99、2.54、2.07和3.27倍;烟花爆竹燃放对PM_(2.5)中水溶性离子K~+、Mg~(2+)、Cl~-、SO_4~(2-)、Na~+和NO_2~-影响最大,燃放高峰期,6种离子在PM_(2.5)中比例达35.28%.另外,PM_(2.5)中OC、EC浓度也在燃放高峰期出现明显的峰值(分别为:15.68、2.96μg/m~3),分别为前一小时平均浓度的2.00和1.37倍.
[Abstract]:In order to understand the influence of fireworks and firecrackers on air quality in Tianjin during the Spring Festival in 2015, the concentrations of gaseous pollutants (SO_2,O_3,NO,NO_2, PM_, PM_ (10), etc.) and water-soluble ions in particles were used in Tianjin Environmental Monitoring Center. Organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) were observed continuously. Based on the comparison between fireworks and firecrackers, the influence of fireworks and firecrackers on the emission characteristics of pollutants is analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the concentration of fireworks and firecrackers had the most significant effect on PM_, PM_ (2.5), PM_ (10) and SO_2. The concentration of fireworks and firecrackers was 284.00428.00714.00283.14 渭 g / m, respectively, and the average value of fireworks and firecrackers was 2.99, 2.54, 2.07 and 3.27 times higher than that of non-firing periods, respectively, and the concentration of fireworks and firecrackers was 284.00428.00714.00283.14 渭 g / m, which was 2.99, 2.54, 2.07 and 3.27 times higher than that of non-firing periods, respectively. Fireworks and firecrackers have the greatest effect on water-soluble ions K ~, Mg~ _ (2), Cl~-,SO_4~ _ (2 -), Na~ and NO_2~- in PM_ (2.5). At the peak of discharge, the proportion of six ions in PM_ (2.5) is 35.28%. In addition, the peak value of OC,EC concentration in PM_ (2.5) was 15.68,2.96 渭 g / m 鈮，

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