刺槐—根瘤菌共生体系在重金属污染土壤修复过程中对土壤微生物的影响
发布时间：2020-12-16 04:06
目前,微生物强化植物修复技术是修复受重金属污染土壤的主要技术之一。本研究以受重金属污染土壤中的微生物为研究对象,分析重金属对土壤微生物群落多样性和结构的影响,同时分离生长于铅锌矿区豆科植物（刺槐）根瘤中的内生菌并筛选具有重金属抗性及促植物生长特性的根瘤菌,然后通过接种经筛选的根瘤菌,以刺槐-根瘤菌共生体系来修复铅锌矿区重金属污染土壤,研究该修复过程中根际土壤及根和根瘤内微生物的群落结构和多样性变化,探讨刺槐-根瘤菌共生体系对根际土壤微生物功能的影响。本研究的主要结论是:1.铅锌矿区冶炼厂的废水影响土壤的微生物群落多样性,改变其群落结构,这些变化具有空间差异性,而废水中的重金属是主要影响因素,且在重金属重度污染的土壤中发现了更多的与硫循环和碳循环相关的微生物。本研究利用Illumina Mi Seq平台基于16S rRNA基因V4-V5区测序技术,分析了冶炼厂废水处理沉淀池周边不同位置的土壤微生物多样性和群落结构。研究发现,微生物群落在四个采样区域（入水口、上游、下游和出水口）具有显著差异,但是在不同季节采集的样品之间差异不显著。限制性主坐标分析表明,重金属（Zn、Pb和Cu）、全硫、p...
【文章来源】：西北农林科技大学陕西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：178 页
【学位级别】：博士
【部分图文】：
促植物生长细菌对植物修复促进机制的示意图(Ullahetal.,2015)
go sativa 30 μM Cd Oxidative burst, necrosis, root hair damage Ortega-Villasantet al., 2005go sativa 30 μM Hg Oxidative burst, necrosis, root hair damage Ortega-Villasantet al., 2005e max-hizobiumcum 10950-500 μM Al Decreased number of nodules, activity ofN-assimilatory enzymes, and N2-fixation.Increased oxidative stressBalestrasse et 2006rietinum Pb (390 mg/kg soil) Number of nodules reduced by 13.7%,reduced plant growth, chlorophyll content,and N contentWani et al., 2007unguiculata-hizobiumB7562 μM Cu Complete inhibition of nodulation, shorteningand swelling at the root tips, number ofroot hairs decreasesKopittke et 2007rietinum Cd (23 mg/kg soil) Number of nodules reduced by 69%,reduced biomass, chlorophyll content, and N contentWani et al., 2007sativum-iumnosarum RP 5Cu (1,338 mg/kgsoil)Number of nodules reduced by 25%,N2-fixation was less affected, N contentin shoots reduced by 20%Wani et al., 2008go sativa-izobiume25 μM As Number of nodules decreases to 25%,number of rhizobial infections decreased by 90%,root hair damage, N2-fixation was not affectedPajuelo et al., 20
刺槐-根瘤菌共生体系在重金属污染土壤修复过程中对土壤微生物的影响表 1-3 目前 NGS 技术的主要特点Table 1-3 Main characteristics of current NGS technologieschnologyRun type Maximum readlengthQualityscoresErrorSingle end Paired end Mate pairratesmina Yes Yes Yes 300 bp > 30 0.0034-1LiD Yes Yes Yes 75 bp > 30 0.01-1%Torrent Yes Yes No 400 bp ~ 20 1.78%4 Yes Yes No ~700 bp (up to 1 kb) > 20 1.07-1.7nopore Yes No No 5.4–10 kb NA 10-40%cBio Yes No No ~15 kb (up to 40 kb) < 10 5-10%
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]我国农田污水灌溉现状、危害及防治对策研究[J]. 方玉东. 农业环境与发展. 2011(05)
[2]中国土壤环境污染态势及预防、控制和修复策略[J]. 骆永明. 环境污染与防治. 2009(12)
[3]西北地区金属尾矿地根瘤菌的重金属抗性及其系统发育研究[J]. 梁建强,段晓丹,崔广玲,唐静,朱闻斐,韦革宏. 农业环境科学学报. 2009(06)
[4]重金属污染植物修复技术的研究进展[J]. 王学礼,马祥庆. 亚热带农业研究. 2008(01)
[5]Soil enzymatic activities and microbial community structure with different application rates of Cd and Pb[J]. KHAN Sardar,HESHAM Abd El-Latif. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2007(07)
[6]Bacterial diversity in soils around a lead and zinc mine[J]. HU Qing, QI Hong-yan, ZENG Jing-hai, ZHANG Hong-xun Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2007(01)
本文编号：2919502
【文章来源】：西北农林科技大学陕西省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：178 页
【学位级别】：博士
【部分图文】：
促植物生长细菌对植物修复促进机制的示意图(Ullahetal.,2015)
go sativa 30 μM Cd Oxidative burst, necrosis, root hair damage Ortega-Villasantet al., 2005go sativa 30 μM Hg Oxidative burst, necrosis, root hair damage Ortega-Villasantet al., 2005e max-hizobiumcum 10950-500 μM Al Decreased number of nodules, activity ofN-assimilatory enzymes, and N2-fixation.Increased oxidative stressBalestrasse et 2006rietinum Pb (390 mg/kg soil) Number of nodules reduced by 13.7%,reduced plant growth, chlorophyll content,and N contentWani et al., 2007unguiculata-hizobiumB7562 μM Cu Complete inhibition of nodulation, shorteningand swelling at the root tips, number ofroot hairs decreasesKopittke et 2007rietinum Cd (23 mg/kg soil) Number of nodules reduced by 69%,reduced biomass, chlorophyll content, and N contentWani et al., 2007sativum-iumnosarum RP 5Cu (1,338 mg/kgsoil)Number of nodules reduced by 25%,N2-fixation was less affected, N contentin shoots reduced by 20%Wani et al., 2008go sativa-izobiume25 μM As Number of nodules decreases to 25%,number of rhizobial infections decreased by 90%,root hair damage, N2-fixation was not affectedPajuelo et al., 20
刺槐-根瘤菌共生体系在重金属污染土壤修复过程中对土壤微生物的影响表 1-3 目前 NGS 技术的主要特点Table 1-3 Main characteristics of current NGS technologieschnologyRun type Maximum readlengthQualityscoresErrorSingle end Paired end Mate pairratesmina Yes Yes Yes 300 bp > 30 0.0034-1LiD Yes Yes Yes 75 bp > 30 0.01-1%Torrent Yes Yes No 400 bp ~ 20 1.78%4 Yes Yes No ~700 bp (up to 1 kb) > 20 1.07-1.7nopore Yes No No 5.4–10 kb NA 10-40%cBio Yes No No ~15 kb (up to 40 kb) < 10 5-10%
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]我国农田污水灌溉现状、危害及防治对策研究[J]. 方玉东. 农业环境与发展. 2011(05)
[2]中国土壤环境污染态势及预防、控制和修复策略[J]. 骆永明. 环境污染与防治. 2009(12)
[3]西北地区金属尾矿地根瘤菌的重金属抗性及其系统发育研究[J]. 梁建强,段晓丹,崔广玲,唐静,朱闻斐,韦革宏. 农业环境科学学报. 2009(06)
[4]重金属污染植物修复技术的研究进展[J]. 王学礼,马祥庆. 亚热带农业研究. 2008(01)
[5]Soil enzymatic activities and microbial community structure with different application rates of Cd and Pb[J]. KHAN Sardar,HESHAM Abd El-Latif. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2007(07)
[6]Bacterial diversity in soils around a lead and zinc mine[J]. HU Qing, QI Hong-yan, ZENG Jing-hai, ZHANG Hong-xun Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.. Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2007(01)
本文编号：2919502
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