中国空气污染不平等：成因，健康不平等后果及对政策创新的理解

发布时间：2021-03-16 14:55

　　中国居民在不同区域遭受不同程度的空气污染,其造成的相应的不平等的健康后果也显著增加,这些问题表明了中国政府实施对应新政策的必要性。因此,文章研究调查了“十一五”和“十二五”期间（2006-2015年）中国的空气污染不平等和健康不平等状况。就空气污染而言,二氧化硫和氮氧化物排放量的不平等是通过观察中国范围内的超常水平和不均匀分布来衡量的。另外利用Theil指数和Kaya因子进行省级和地区分析,这有助于发现空气污染不平等的发展轨迹及其主要来源。根据分析结果,研究得出排放量不平等背后的驱动因素如下。人均二氧化硫排放量有四个经济因素:煤炭消耗的二氧化硫排放强度,发电煤炭强度,国内生产总值电力强度和人均国内生产总值。此外,人均氮氧化物排放量有四个城市发展因素:汽油消耗氮氧化物排放强度,汽油车辆比例,城市人口车辆使用率和城市化率。二氧化硫排放结果表明总体不平等增加了 6%,其中国内生产总值的强度不平等是主要原因。区域间和区域内的不平等水平在2010年后有所增加。就氮氧化合物排放而言,总体不平等增长3%,这与汽油消耗氮氧化物排放强度的高影响有关。由于西部地区的不平等,区域内不平等是整体不平等的主要原... 

【文章来源】：中国科学技术大学安徽省 211工程院校 985工程院校

【文章页数】：108 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
List of publications
摘要
Abbreviations and Acronyms
Abstract
1 Introduction
    1.1 Emissions
    1.2 China Clean Air Policy
    1.3 What is Air pollution Inequality?
    1.4 Air Pollution Inequality in China
    1.5 Health Damages and Environmental Health Inequality
    1.6 Outline of the Chapters
x Emissions and its Sources among Chinese Provincesduring the 11^th and 12^th FYPs">2 Air pollution Inequality in SO2 and NO_x Emissions and its Sources among Chinese Provincesduring the 11^th and 12^th FYPs
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Literature Review
        2.2.1 Air Pollution in China
    2.3 Data and Methods
2 and NO_x Emissions in China">        2.3.1 Driving Factors behind SO₂ and NO_x Emissions in China
        2.3.2 Data Source
        2.3.3 The Empirical Methodology
    2.4 Results and Discussion
2 Emission Inequality">        2.4.1 SO₂ Emission Inequality
x Emission Inequality">        2.4.2 NO_x Emission Inequality
    2.5 Conclusions and Policy Implications
    2.6 Appendix A.Supplementary Figures
3 Air Pollution Inequality and Health Inequality in China! an Empirical Study
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Literature review
        3.2.1 Tuberculosis Mortality
        3.2.2 Perinatal Mortality
    3.3 Data and Methods
        3.3.1 Indicators for Variables
        3.3.2 Data Sources
        3.3.3 Empirical Methods
    3.4 Result and Discussion
        3.4.1 China's Inequalities in Air Pollution and Health
        3.4.2 The Empirical Results of GMM Technique
        3.4.3 The Empirical Results of QR
    3.5 Conclusion and Policy Implications
    3.6 Appendix: Supplementary Figures
4 Understanding the Policy Innovation and its Application in Environmental Inequality Policy:the Review Study
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 What Is Policy Innovation?
        4.2.1 Invention: the Development of New Policy
        4.2.2 Diffusion: the Adoption of New Policy or Policy Used in Other Areas
        4.2.3 Evaluation: the Impact or Outcome of New Policy
    4.3 Policy Innovation in Environmental Inequality
        4.3.1 Sustainable Development and Government's Motivation
        4.3.2 Invention and Air Pollution Inequality
        4.3.3 Diffusion and Air Pollution Inequality
        4.3.4 Evaluation and Air Pollution Inequality
    4.4 Conclusion
5 General Conclusion
    5.1 Methods and Empirical Findings
    5.2 Policy implications
    5.3 Limitation and future works
6 References


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]China’s response to climate change issues after Paris Climate Change Conference[J]. GAO Yun.  Advances in Climate Change Research. 2016(04)
[2]Vehicular emissions in China in 2006 and 2010[J]. Guiqian Tang,Na Chao,Yuesi Wang,Jiashan Chen.  Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2016(10)
[3]An overview of emissions of SO2 and NOx and the long-range transport of oxidized sulfur and nitrogen pollutants in East Asia[J]. Yu Qu,Junling An,Youjiang He,Jun Zheng.  Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2016(06)
[4]2000–2020年中国氮氧化物排放清单及排放趋势（英文）[J]. Yun SHI,Yin-feng XIA,Bi-hong LU,Nan LIU,Lei ZHANG,Su-jing LI,Wei LI.  Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A（Applied Physics & Engineering）. 2014(06)
[5]Efectiveness of national air pollution control policies on the air quality in metropolitan areas of China[J]. Shuxiao Wang,Jia Xing,Bin Zhao,Carey Jang,Jiming Hao.  Journal of Environmental Sciences. 2014(01)



本文编号：3086207