Improvement of the Removal of Heavy Metals from Porous Media
发布时间：2021-08-12 05:08
Throughout this work several aspects of soil electrokinetic remediation （EKR） were explored. Inthis dissertation several technical aspects of EKR were evaluated. The first one was the effect ofelectrode configuration on the migration of heavy metals, the second was the optimization of pHcontrol during EKR, the third was the use of rotating and reciprocation electrodes in EKR, andfinally an estimation of the gas production at the electrodes during EKR was described. Theincreasing in the amount of...
【文章来源】：中国海洋大学山东省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：199 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Heavy metals pollution
1.2. Health problems associated with heavy metals pollution
1.3. Soil remediation technologies
1.4. Why Soil Electrokinetic Remediation
1.5. Technical problems of soil EKR
1.6. Aim
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Theory
2.1.1. Principles of EKR
2.1.2. Ion migration
2.1.3. Electrolysis
2.1.4. Soil ph and geochemical reactions
2.2. Practical aspects of EKR
2.2.1. Soil type and contaminant concentration
2.2.2. Electrolyte enhancement
2.2.3. Voltage and current levels
2.2.4. Electrode requirements
2.3. Electric field distribution
2.4. Electrode configuration and time requirements
2.5. Energy expenditure
3. EXPERIMENTAL
3.1. Series of experiments
3.1.1. Effect of electrode configuration on pH distribution and heavy metal ions migration
3.1.2. Removal of cadmium from kaolin and catholyte by controlling pH
3.1.3. Use of rotating electrodes to enhance ion transport during EKR
3.1.4. Use of reciprocating electrodes to enhance ion transport during EKR
3.1.5. Gas production at the electrodes during EKR
3.2. Materials
3.2.1. Porous media
3.2.2. The cylindrical electrokinetic cell
3.2.3. Device for packing and extruding the sample from the cylindrical cell
3.2.4. The basic electrokinetic setup
3.3. Analytical methods
3.4. Quality assurance
3.5. Data interpretation
4. EFFECT OF ELECTRODE CONFIGURATION ON pH DISTRIBUTION AND HEAVY METAL IONS MIGRATION
4.1. Materials and methods
4.2. Analytical Methods
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. Electrical current
4.3.2. Energy consumption
4.3.3. Comparison of metal migration
4.3.4. Comparison of energy efficiency
4.3.5. Spatial distribution of cooper and zinc
4.3.6. Relation between pH and metal migration
4.4. Conclusions
5. REMOVAL OF CADMIUM FROM KAOLIN AND CATHOLYTE BY CONTROLLING pH
5.1. Experimental methods
5.1.1. Electrokinetic setup
5.1.2. Sample preparation
5.1.3. Electrokinetic experiments
5.1.4. Analytical methods
5.2. Results and discussion
5.2.1. The pH and conductivity of the electrolytes
5.2.2. Distribution of cadmium in the electrokinetic system
5.2.3. Cadmium extraction kinetics
5.2.4. Energy and HNO3consumption
5.2.5. Voltage drop along the electrokinetic cell
5.2.6 Soil acidification
5.3. Conclusions
6. USE OF ROTATING ELECTRODES TO ENHANCE ION TRANSPORT DURING EKR
6.1. Theory
6.2. Electrokinetic cell
6.3. Rotating electrodes without pH control
6.3.1. Experimental methods
6.3.2. Results and discussion
6.4. Rotating electrodes with mixed electrolytes
6.4.1. |Experimental methods
6.4.2. Results and discussion
6.5. Rotating electrodes with controlled pH
6.5.1. Heavy metals extraction kinetics
6.5.2. Voltage drop oscillations along the electrokinetic cell
6.5.3. Electrical current variations
6.5.4 Changes in voltage drop along the cell
6.6. Conclusions
7. USE OF RECIPROCATING ELECTRODES TO ENHANCE ION TRANSPORT DURING EKR
7.1. Methodology
7.2. Results and discussion
7.2.1. Voltage drop along the electrokinetic cell
7.2.2. Voltage drop oscillations
7.2.3. Electrical current oscillations
7.2.4. Variation of the electrical current
7.2.5. Extraction of Nickel and Zinc
7.2.6. Migration of Ni and Zn
7.2.7. Simulation of the electrical field distribution for the reciprocating electrodes
7.2.8. The pH at the cathode chamber
7.2.9. The pH variations in kaolin
7.3. Conclusions
8. MEASUREMENT OF GAS PRODUCTION DURING EKR
8.1. Experimental methods
8.2. Results and discussion
8.3. Conclusion
9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
9.1. Conclusions
9.2. Recommendations
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
PUBLICATIONS
REFERENCES
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Treatment of electroplating wastewater[J]. Changsheng Peng, Hong Meng, Jinglai Zhang, and Shouci LuCivil and Environmental Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing（English Edition）. 2003(01)
本文编号：3337646
【文章来源】：中国海洋大学山东省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：199 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
ABSTRACT
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Heavy metals pollution
1.2. Health problems associated with heavy metals pollution
1.3. Soil remediation technologies
1.4. Why Soil Electrokinetic Remediation
1.5. Technical problems of soil EKR
1.6. Aim
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Theory
2.1.1. Principles of EKR
2.1.2. Ion migration
2.1.3. Electrolysis
2.1.4. Soil ph and geochemical reactions
2.2. Practical aspects of EKR
2.2.1. Soil type and contaminant concentration
2.2.2. Electrolyte enhancement
2.2.3. Voltage and current levels
2.2.4. Electrode requirements
2.3. Electric field distribution
2.4. Electrode configuration and time requirements
2.5. Energy expenditure
3. EXPERIMENTAL
3.1. Series of experiments
3.1.1. Effect of electrode configuration on pH distribution and heavy metal ions migration
3.1.2. Removal of cadmium from kaolin and catholyte by controlling pH
3.1.3. Use of rotating electrodes to enhance ion transport during EKR
3.1.4. Use of reciprocating electrodes to enhance ion transport during EKR
3.1.5. Gas production at the electrodes during EKR
3.2. Materials
3.2.1. Porous media
3.2.2. The cylindrical electrokinetic cell
3.2.3. Device for packing and extruding the sample from the cylindrical cell
3.2.4. The basic electrokinetic setup
3.3. Analytical methods
3.4. Quality assurance
3.5. Data interpretation
4. EFFECT OF ELECTRODE CONFIGURATION ON pH DISTRIBUTION AND HEAVY METAL IONS MIGRATION
4.1. Materials and methods
4.2. Analytical Methods
4.3. Results and discussion
4.3.1. Electrical current
4.3.2. Energy consumption
4.3.3. Comparison of metal migration
4.3.4. Comparison of energy efficiency
4.3.5. Spatial distribution of cooper and zinc
4.3.6. Relation between pH and metal migration
4.4. Conclusions
5. REMOVAL OF CADMIUM FROM KAOLIN AND CATHOLYTE BY CONTROLLING pH
5.1. Experimental methods
5.1.1. Electrokinetic setup
5.1.2. Sample preparation
5.1.3. Electrokinetic experiments
5.1.4. Analytical methods
5.2. Results and discussion
5.2.1. The pH and conductivity of the electrolytes
5.2.2. Distribution of cadmium in the electrokinetic system
5.2.3. Cadmium extraction kinetics
5.2.4. Energy and HNO3consumption
5.2.5. Voltage drop along the electrokinetic cell
5.2.6 Soil acidification
5.3. Conclusions
6. USE OF ROTATING ELECTRODES TO ENHANCE ION TRANSPORT DURING EKR
6.1. Theory
6.2. Electrokinetic cell
6.3. Rotating electrodes without pH control
6.3.1. Experimental methods
6.3.2. Results and discussion
6.4. Rotating electrodes with mixed electrolytes
6.4.1. |Experimental methods
6.4.2. Results and discussion
6.5. Rotating electrodes with controlled pH
6.5.1. Heavy metals extraction kinetics
6.5.2. Voltage drop oscillations along the electrokinetic cell
6.5.3. Electrical current variations
6.5.4 Changes in voltage drop along the cell
6.6. Conclusions
7. USE OF RECIPROCATING ELECTRODES TO ENHANCE ION TRANSPORT DURING EKR
7.1. Methodology
7.2. Results and discussion
7.2.1. Voltage drop along the electrokinetic cell
7.2.2. Voltage drop oscillations
7.2.3. Electrical current oscillations
7.2.4. Variation of the electrical current
7.2.5. Extraction of Nickel and Zinc
7.2.6. Migration of Ni and Zn
7.2.7. Simulation of the electrical field distribution for the reciprocating electrodes
7.2.8. The pH at the cathode chamber
7.2.9. The pH variations in kaolin
7.3. Conclusions
8. MEASUREMENT OF GAS PRODUCTION DURING EKR
8.1. Experimental methods
8.2. Results and discussion
8.3. Conclusion
9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
9.1. Conclusions
9.2. Recommendations
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
PUBLICATIONS
REFERENCES
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Treatment of electroplating wastewater[J]. Changsheng Peng, Hong Meng, Jinglai Zhang, and Shouci LuCivil and Environmental Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing（English Edition）. 2003(01)
本文编号：3337646
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