五氯酚在根际土壤中的积累、分布、消减行为及其对微生物群落结构的影响研究

发布时间：2021-08-27 02:36

　　随着工农业生产特别是高度集约化农业的迅猛发展,各种化学污染物从多种渠道进入人们赖以生存和发展的土壤环境,其中毒性高、环境释放率大、影响面广的持久性有机污染物（Persistent Organic Pollutants,POPs）由于其具有致癌、致突变和致畸作用而备受关注。其中五氯酚（Pentachlorophenol, PCP）是具有代表性的一类持久性有机污染物,PCP被广泛用作稻田的杀菌剂、除草剂等,对农产品质量和人体安全构成威胁。因此,研究PCP在水稻根-土界面的行为对PCP污染土壤的修复具有重要的理论和现实意义。本论文以PCP为目标污染物,水稻为供试作物,采用新型Clark微电极法,研究了控制条件下水稻根-土界面的供氧量、pH及Eh的动态变化;采用盆栽实验,研究了PCP降解的二种中间产物3,5-DCP（3,5-二氧酚）、2,4,6-TCP（2,4,6-三氯酚）和PCP对水稻叶片和根细胞中抗氧化酶、过氧化物酶、细胞微结构变化及其消减脱氧过程的影响;采用特殊的多隔层三室根箱法,研究了PCP在水稻厌氧-好氧根际环境中的降解行为;为了进一步了解水稻根系在促进PCP消减过程中的作用,我们继... 

【文章来源】：浙江大学浙江省 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校

【文章页数】：129 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abbreviations
List of Tables
List of Figures
摘要
Abstract
1 General Introduction
    1.1 Pentacholorophenol
        1.1.1 Sources and occurrence
        1.1.2 Pentachlorophenol risks to ecosystems
    1.2 Significance of Phytoremidation
    1.3 Aims of the study
2 Root Induced Changes in Oxygen, pH and Redox in the Rhizosphereof Rice(Oryza sative L.)
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 Material and Methods
        2.2.1 Soil
        2.2.2 Analytical method
        2.2.3 Data Analysis
    2.3 Results and Discussion
        2.3.1 Results
        2.3.2 Discussion
3. Effects of PCP,2,4,6-TCP and 3,5-DCP on the Antioxidants Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation and Their Dissipation in the Rhizosphere of Rice(Oryza Sativa L)
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Material and Methods
        3.2.1 Soil
        3.2.2 Chemical
        3.2.3 Experiment Design
        3.2.4 Analytical methods
        3.2.5 Transmission electron microscopy
        3.2.6 Lipid peroxidation
        3.2.7 Assay of antioxidant enzymes
        3.2.8 Antioxidant enzymes
        3.2.9 Data Analysis
    3.3 Results and Discussion
        3.3.1 Results
            3.3.1.1 Antioxidant enzymes
            3.3.1.2 Lipid peroxidation (MDA) and total soluble protein
            3.3.1.3 Transmission electron microscopy
            3.3.1.4 Dissipation of PCP, TCP and DCP in rhizosphere of rice
        3.3.2 Discussion
            3.3.2.1 Enzymes assay
            3.3.2.2 Transmission electron microscopy
            3.3.2.3 Dissipation of PCP, TCP and DCP in rhizosphere of rice
4 Dissipation of Pentachlorophenol in the aerobic-anaerobic interfacesestablished by the rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sative L.) root
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Material and Methods
        4.2.1 Soil
        4.2.2 Chemical
        4.2.3 Experiment Design
        4.2.4 Analytical methods
        4.2.5 Data Analysis
    4.3 Results and Discussion
        4.3.1 Results
            4.3.1.1 Dynamic behavior of PCP in the rhizosphere
            4.3.1.2 Dynamic behavior of electron acceptors and donors in the rhizosphere
        4.3.2 Discussion
            4.3.2.1 Dynamics of Pentacholorophenol
            4.3.2.2 Dynamics of electron acceptors and donors
5 Impact of aerobic-anaerobic interfaces established by the rhizosphereof rice(Oryza sative L.) on the fractional distribution of pentachloro-phenol and microbial community
    5.1 Introduction
    5.2 Material and methods
        5.2.1 Soil
        5.2.2 Chemicals
        5.2.3 Derivitization and analysis of PCP
        5.2.4 Experiment Design
        5.2.5 Analytical methods
        5.2.6 PLFA analysis
        5.2.7 Data analysis
    5.3 Results and Discussion
        5.3.1 Results
            5.3.1.1 Fractional distribution of PCP in rhizosphere
            5.3.1.2 Microbial community in the rhizosphere of rice
        5.3.2 Discussion
            5.3.2.1 Fractional distribution of PCP
            5.3.2.2 Soil microbial community
6 Major Conclusions and Perspectives
    6.1 Major conclusions
    6.2 Future perspectives
References
Publications


【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]Top-down法计算中国五氯酚钠消费分布[J]. 谭大,张剑波.  环境污染与防治. 2008(03)



本文编号：3365476