Nutrients and Organic Matter Dynamics in Constructed Wetland
发布时间：2021-10-31 08:31
过多的营养盐和有机物质被认为是近岸生态系统的主要污染问题之一,比如工业、生活、水产养殖、农业废弃物和城市建设等这些人类的活动是污染物的主要来源,引起了沿海海水质量的退化。有时高浓度的污染物可能会导致严重的后果比如水体的富营养化、缺氧等,由此可能会改变近岸海域的海洋生物地球化学。如果水产养殖活动和开发其他人类活动再进一步迅速扩张的话,可以引起更多的环境问题。这些活动产生的营养元素和有机物质通常被认为是近海水域的主要的污染来源。因此本论文研究了水产养殖池塘中的营养状况和近岸海域水体中的营养元素和有机物,由这些污染物引发的关注促进了对有效的环境管理发展的技术需要。如机械、生物和化学过滤器等许多技术的发展缓解了养殖废水对环境的影响,但是由于某种原因这些技术都不是低成本的,有时需要更多的维护费用。建造人工湿地和自然生物过滤器,比如贝类和海草,被认为是有效的吸收水体中的有机和无机物成分的方法。因此,在本工作中采用了人工湿地这样的一种技术用于处理池塘的养殖废水和后者被用来近岸水域的的综合性的多食性水产养殖（IMTA）。为了理解这些技术在降低营养元素中的作用,在上海郊外的人工湿地进行了试验,同时在中国...
【文章来源】：华东师范大学上海市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：173 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1:Introduction
1.1 General background
1.2 Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and traditional aquaculture
1.3 Environmental impacts of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
1.4 Nutrient removal by constructed wetland
1.5 Literature review
1.6 Hypothesis and objectives
Chapter 2:Materials and Methods
2.1 Description of study areas
2.1.1 The Sanggou Bay
2.1.1.1 Aquaculture practice at Sanggou Bay
2.1.2 Study area at Shanghai and experimental description
2.1.2.1 Culture condition in prawn ponds
2.2 Samples collection and treatment
2.2.1 Samples collection from Sanggou Bay
2.2.1.1 Sample collection for hydrographic parameters
2.2.1.2 Sample treatment of dissolved nutrient
2.2.1.3 Sample treatment for dissolved organic carbon
2.2.2 Sample collection for stable isotopes
2.2.3 Sample collection from constructed wetland
2.3 Sample analysis
2.3.1 Dissolved nutrient analysis
2.3.1.1 Ammonia determination
2.3.1.2 Nitrate and nitrite determination
2.3.1.3 Phosphate determination
2.3.1.4 Silicate determination
2.3.1.5 Procedure
2.3.2 Dissolved organic carbon analysis
2.3.2.1 Laboratory experiment of dissolved organic carbon
2.3.3 Stable isotopes analysis
2.3.4 Sample analysis for constructed wetland
2.4 Nutrient budget
2.5 Quality assurance and quality control
2.6 Statistical analysis
Chapter 3:Use of Constructed Wetland to Treat Aquaculture Wastewater of Grow-outPonds
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Results
3.2.1 Pollutants removal and concentration
3.2.2 Nutrient concentrations in ponds
3.3. Discussion
3.3.1 Pollutants removal in constructed wetland
3.3.2 Constructed wetland performance
3.3.3 Comparisons among the ponds
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4:Seasonal Nutrient Chemistry in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA) System
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Results
4.2.1 Surface hydrology
4.2.2 Spatial distribution of nutrients
4.2.3 Vertical distribution of nutrients in aquaculture areas
4.2.4 Riverine nutrients
4.3 Discussion
4.3.1 Seasonal hydrology
4.3.2 Seasonal distribution of nutrients
4.3.3 Nutrient dynamics in culture areas
4.3.4 Nutrient limitations
4.3.5 Mass balance
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5:Carbon, Nitrogen Flow and Trophic Relationship in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) System
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Results
5.2.1 Hydrographic parameters
5.2.2 Stable isotopes analysis of biological samples
5.2.3 Stable isotopes analysis of suspended and sedimentary organic matters in cultureareas
5.3 Discussion
5.3.1 lsotopic composition in aquaculture areas
5.3.2 Sources of suspended and sedimentary organic matter across the bay
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6:Seasonal Variations of Dissolved Organic Carbon in IntegratedAquaculture System
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Results
6.2.1 Surface distribution of salinity and chlorophyll-α
6.2.2 Surface distribution of dissolved organic carbon
6.2.3 Vertical distribution of dissolved organic carbon
6.2.4 Experimental analysis
6.3 Discussion
6.3.1 Fate of dissolved organic carbon at surface layer
6.3.2 Dissolved organic carbon at bottom layers
6.3.3 Removal of dissolved organic carbon from the bay
6.4 Summary
Chapter 7:History and Future Development of Shrimp Farming in Pakistan
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Coastal areas of Pakistan
7.3 Importance of F. merguiensis for Aquaculture
7.4 Exotic species in aquaculture 103
7.5 Economics culture systems of shrimp farming
7.6 Brief history of shrimp farming in Pakistan
7.7 Learning from experience of other countries
7.8 Opportunities and future of shrimp farming
7.9 Summary
7.10 Recommendations
Chapter 8:Overall Conclusions and Synthesis
8.1 Justification and organization of work
8.2 Important findings
8.3 Main conclusions and recommendations
8.4 Global view and synthesis of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and case study ofSanggou Bay
8.5 Implications for future research
References
List of Publications from Thesis
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]人工湿地联合塘内设施调控生产性虾塘水环境的效果与技术[J]. 臧维玲,张煜,戴习林,刘永士,杨明,侯文杰,丁福江. 水产学报. 2012(04)
[2]桑沟湾养殖海域营养盐和沉积物-水界面扩散通量研究[J]. 孙珊,刘素美,任景玲,张继红,蒋增杰. 海洋学报(中文版). 2010(06)
[3]桑沟湾总溶解态无机砷的分布与季节变化[J]. 闫哲,任景玲,刘素美,张继红,张经. 海洋环境科学. 2008(05)
[4]桑沟湾沉积物重金属含量分布及潜在生态危害评价[J]. 蒋增杰,方建光,张继红,毛玉泽,王巍. 农业环境科学学报. 2008(01)
[5]规模化浅海养殖水域沉积作用的初步研究[J]. 蔡立胜,方建光,梁兴明. 中国水产科学. 2003(04)
[6]人工湿地及其在我国小城市污水处理中的应用[J]. 宋志文,毕学军,曹军. 生态学杂志. 2003(03)
[7]THE N/P RATIO IN THE NORTHERN SOUTH YELLOW SEA IN AUTUMN[J]. 林荣根,吴景阳,马丽. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 2002(04)
[8]COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON NITROGEN BUDGETS OF CLOSED SHRIMP POLYCULTURE SYSTEMS[J]. 齐振雄,李德尚,张曼平,董双林. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 2001(03)
[9]桑沟湾增养殖水文环境研究[J]. 赵俊,周诗赉,孙耀,方建光. 海洋水产研究. 1996(02)
[10]桑沟湾养殖海域无机氮营养盐的分布与行为[J]. 孙耀,宋云利,崔毅,方建光. 海洋水产研究. 1996(02)
本文编号：3467804
【文章来源】：华东师范大学上海市 211工程院校 985工程院校 教育部直属院校
【文章页数】：173 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
Acknowledgements
摘要
Abstract
Chapter 1:Introduction
1.1 General background
1.2 Integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and traditional aquaculture
1.3 Environmental impacts of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture
1.4 Nutrient removal by constructed wetland
1.5 Literature review
1.6 Hypothesis and objectives
Chapter 2:Materials and Methods
2.1 Description of study areas
2.1.1 The Sanggou Bay
2.1.1.1 Aquaculture practice at Sanggou Bay
2.1.2 Study area at Shanghai and experimental description
2.1.2.1 Culture condition in prawn ponds
2.2 Samples collection and treatment
2.2.1 Samples collection from Sanggou Bay
2.2.1.1 Sample collection for hydrographic parameters
2.2.1.2 Sample treatment of dissolved nutrient
2.2.1.3 Sample treatment for dissolved organic carbon
2.2.2 Sample collection for stable isotopes
2.2.3 Sample collection from constructed wetland
2.3 Sample analysis
2.3.1 Dissolved nutrient analysis
2.3.1.1 Ammonia determination
2.3.1.2 Nitrate and nitrite determination
2.3.1.3 Phosphate determination
2.3.1.4 Silicate determination
2.3.1.5 Procedure
2.3.2 Dissolved organic carbon analysis
2.3.2.1 Laboratory experiment of dissolved organic carbon
2.3.3 Stable isotopes analysis
2.3.4 Sample analysis for constructed wetland
2.4 Nutrient budget
2.5 Quality assurance and quality control
2.6 Statistical analysis
Chapter 3:Use of Constructed Wetland to Treat Aquaculture Wastewater of Grow-outPonds
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Results
3.2.1 Pollutants removal and concentration
3.2.2 Nutrient concentrations in ponds
3.3. Discussion
3.3.1 Pollutants removal in constructed wetland
3.3.2 Constructed wetland performance
3.3.3 Comparisons among the ponds
3.4 Summary
Chapter 4:Seasonal Nutrient Chemistry in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture(IMTA) System
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Results
4.2.1 Surface hydrology
4.2.2 Spatial distribution of nutrients
4.2.3 Vertical distribution of nutrients in aquaculture areas
4.2.4 Riverine nutrients
4.3 Discussion
4.3.1 Seasonal hydrology
4.3.2 Seasonal distribution of nutrients
4.3.3 Nutrient dynamics in culture areas
4.3.4 Nutrient limitations
4.3.5 Mass balance
4.4 Summary
Chapter 5:Carbon, Nitrogen Flow and Trophic Relationship in an Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) System
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Results
5.2.1 Hydrographic parameters
5.2.2 Stable isotopes analysis of biological samples
5.2.3 Stable isotopes analysis of suspended and sedimentary organic matters in cultureareas
5.3 Discussion
5.3.1 lsotopic composition in aquaculture areas
5.3.2 Sources of suspended and sedimentary organic matter across the bay
5.4 Summary
Chapter 6:Seasonal Variations of Dissolved Organic Carbon in IntegratedAquaculture System
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Results
6.2.1 Surface distribution of salinity and chlorophyll-α
6.2.2 Surface distribution of dissolved organic carbon
6.2.3 Vertical distribution of dissolved organic carbon
6.2.4 Experimental analysis
6.3 Discussion
6.3.1 Fate of dissolved organic carbon at surface layer
6.3.2 Dissolved organic carbon at bottom layers
6.3.3 Removal of dissolved organic carbon from the bay
6.4 Summary
Chapter 7:History and Future Development of Shrimp Farming in Pakistan
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Coastal areas of Pakistan
7.3 Importance of F. merguiensis for Aquaculture
7.4 Exotic species in aquaculture 103
7.5 Economics culture systems of shrimp farming
7.6 Brief history of shrimp farming in Pakistan
7.7 Learning from experience of other countries
7.8 Opportunities and future of shrimp farming
7.9 Summary
7.10 Recommendations
Chapter 8:Overall Conclusions and Synthesis
8.1 Justification and organization of work
8.2 Important findings
8.3 Main conclusions and recommendations
8.4 Global view and synthesis of integrated multi-trophic aquaculture and case study ofSanggou Bay
8.5 Implications for future research
References
List of Publications from Thesis
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]人工湿地联合塘内设施调控生产性虾塘水环境的效果与技术[J]. 臧维玲,张煜,戴习林,刘永士,杨明,侯文杰,丁福江. 水产学报. 2012(04)
[2]桑沟湾养殖海域营养盐和沉积物-水界面扩散通量研究[J]. 孙珊,刘素美,任景玲,张继红,蒋增杰. 海洋学报(中文版). 2010(06)
[3]桑沟湾总溶解态无机砷的分布与季节变化[J]. 闫哲,任景玲,刘素美,张继红,张经. 海洋环境科学. 2008(05)
[4]桑沟湾沉积物重金属含量分布及潜在生态危害评价[J]. 蒋增杰,方建光,张继红,毛玉泽,王巍. 农业环境科学学报. 2008(01)
[5]规模化浅海养殖水域沉积作用的初步研究[J]. 蔡立胜,方建光,梁兴明. 中国水产科学. 2003(04)
[6]人工湿地及其在我国小城市污水处理中的应用[J]. 宋志文,毕学军,曹军. 生态学杂志. 2003(03)
[7]THE N/P RATIO IN THE NORTHERN SOUTH YELLOW SEA IN AUTUMN[J]. 林荣根,吴景阳,马丽. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 2002(04)
[8]COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON NITROGEN BUDGETS OF CLOSED SHRIMP POLYCULTURE SYSTEMS[J]. 齐振雄,李德尚,张曼平,董双林. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology. 2001(03)
[9]桑沟湾增养殖水文环境研究[J]. 赵俊,周诗赉,孙耀,方建光. 海洋水产研究. 1996(02)
[10]桑沟湾养殖海域无机氮营养盐的分布与行为[J]. 孙耀,宋云利,崔毅,方建光. 海洋水产研究. 1996(02)
本文编号：3467804
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