三种含能材料纳米比色分析方法的构建及应用研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 23:35

本文关键词：三种含能材料纳米比色分析方法的构建及应用研究　出处：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在含能材料的制备及使用过程中,会产生许多对环境、人体有害的物质。因此,开展含能材料的检测工作具有十分重要的意义。纳米比色分析方法充分利用了纳米材料的光学及电学特性,具有步骤简易、耗时短、现场检测方便等优势,是发展新型含能材料传感器的一个重要方向。本文基于纳米比色分析方法的优异性,开展了以下工作:(1)液相还原硝酸银制备三聚氰酸三钠修饰的黄色银纳米(Cya-Ag NPs)胶体溶液。Cya-Ag NPs具有良好的表面等离子(SPR)效应,SPR特征吸收位于418 nm。加入亲核物质水合肼(N_2H_4)后,Cya-Ag NPs发生氧化溶解,SPR吸收发生明显变化,同时溶液颜色变淡。基于此,构建了一个高选择性在水溶液中检测N_2H_4的比色方法,并对检测机理进行详细研究。该方法的线性范围为0.01 40μmol·L~(-1),相关系数为0.993,仪器检出限为0.01μmol·L~(-1),裸眼检出限为10μmol·L~(-1)。在实际水样中具有较好的重现性及准确度。(2)液相超声剥离制备层状半胱氨酸保护的二硫化钼纳米片(Cys-MoS_2NSs),并进行了结构表征。Cys-MoS_2 NSs具有良好的人工模拟酶活性,能加速过氧化氢(H_2O_2)的分解。基于此,以3,3,5,5-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)为底物,构建了一个在水溶液比色检测H_2O_2的简易方法。该方法线性范围为0 40μmol·L~(-1),相关系数为0.995,仪器检出限为0.01μmol·L~(-1),裸眼检出限为16μmol·L~(-1)。在实际水样中具有较好重现性及准确度。(3)2,4,6-三硝基甲苯(TNT)具有缺电性,能与TMB形成Meisenheimer复合物。基于Cys-MoS_2 NSs类过氧化氢酶活性,以TMB为底物,建立了一个全新的在水溶液中检测TNT的比色方法,并对检测机理进行详细研究。该方法线性范围为0 50μmol·L~(-1),相关系数为0.994,仪器检出限为0.01μmol·L~(-1),裸眼检出限为2.5μmol·L~(-1)。在实际水样中具有较好重现性及准确度。
[Abstract]:In the process of preparation and use of energetic materials, many substances which are harmful to the environment and the human body will be produced. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the testing of energetic materials. Nano colorimetric analysis makes full use of the optical and electrical properties of nanomaterials. It has the advantages of simple steps, short time consumption and convenient on-site detection. It is an important direction for developing new sensors for energetic materials. Based on the excellence of nano colorimetric analysis, the following works were carried out as follows: (1) liquid phase reduction of silver nitrate to prepare yellow silver nano (Cya-Ag NPs) colloidal solution modified with sodium cyanuric acid (three nm). Cya-Ag NPs has a good surface plasma (SPR) effect, and the absorption of SPR is located at 418 nm. After adding nucleophilic substance hydrazine (N_2H_4), Cya-Ag NPs is oxidized and dissolved, and the absorption of SPR changes obviously, and the color of the solution becomes light. Based on this, a high selective colorimetric method for detecting N_2H_4 in aqueous solution was constructed, and the detection mechanism was studied in detail. The linear range of the method is 0.0140 Mu mol. L~ (-1), the correlation coefficient is 0.993, the detection limit of the instrument is 0.01 Mu mol. L~ (-1), and the naked eye detection limit is 10 mu mol. L~ (-1). It has good reproducibility and accuracy in the actual water sample. (2) the molybdenum disulfide nanoscale (Cys-MoS_2NSs) protected by layered cysteine was prepared by liquid phase ultrasonic stripping, and the structure was characterized. Cys-MoS_2 NSs has good artificial mimic enzyme activity, which can accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2). Based on this, a simple method for detecting H_2O_2 in aqueous solution with 3,3,5,5- four methyl diphenyl amine (TMB) as substrate was constructed. The linear range of the method is 040 Mu mol. L~ (-1), the correlation coefficient is 0.995, the detection limit of the instrument is 0.01 Mu mol. L~ (-1), and the naked eye detection limit is 16 Mu mol. L~ (-1). It has good reproducibility and accuracy in the actual water sample. (3) 2,4,6- three nitrotoluene (TNT) has the property of electricity deficiency and can form Meisenheimer complex with TMB. Based on the activity of Cys-MoS_2 NSs catalase and TMB as substrate, a new colorimetric method for detecting TNT in aqueous solution was established, and the detection mechanism was studied in detail. The linear range of the method is 050 Mu mol. L~ (-1), the correlation coefficient is 0.994, the detection limit of the instrument is 0.01 Mu mol. L~ (-1), and the naked eye detection limit is 2.5 Mu mol. L~ (-1). It has good reproducibility and accuracy in the actual water sample.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O657.3

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