渗滤液超临界水气化制氢技术研究
发布时间：2017-12-31 13:27
本文关键词：渗滤液超临界水气化制氢技术研究 出处：《中原工学院》2017年硕士论文 论文类型：学位论文
【摘要】：随着地球化石能源的日益枯竭和环境的不断恶化,人们急需找到一种新型无污染的能源作为化石燃料的替代品,而氢能因其绝对无污染的燃烧特性备受人们关注,于是各种制氢工艺应运而生。一般制氢工艺或资源浪费严重,或产氢速率较低得不到大规模推广,而超临界水气化制氢工艺因具有反应快、气化率高、过程清洁等优势逐渐进入人们的视野。作为一种环境友好型,资源节约型的新型制氢技术,超临界水气化制氢具有优良的开发前景。基于当前国际上超临界水制氢的最新研究成果,本文就渗滤液超临界水气化制氢技术的研究现状进行了讨论,指出现阶段超临界水气化制氢面临的主要技术难题和可能的解决途径。本文以生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液为研究对象,在超临界水中进行气化制氢研究,详细讨论了反应温度、压力和停留时间对反应结果的影响,以制取氢气为目的,考察不同反应条件对气化气相产物中氢气、甲烷、二氧化碳体积组分和产率,以及渗滤液COD和TOC去除率的影响。通过气-质联用的方法对渗滤液原液和反应后液相产物中有机物的组成进行定性定量分析,初步探讨渗滤液超临界水气化制氢过程的化学反应机理,采用单因素分析与正交试验相结合的方法,得出渗滤液在超临界水中气化制取氢气的最佳反应条件是温度450℃、压力27MPa、停留时间10min。采用SPSS数据处理软件对正交试验方案的试验结果进行方差分析,进而得到各个反应条件对超临界水气化制氢影响的显著性水平,显著性关系由大到小是温度停留时间压力,即温度对氢气产量的影响最大,而压力的影响最小。根据以上各自变量与因变量之间的显著性关系,该模型的相关性较好,也即是非客观因素对实验结果影响的影响较小。针对以上因素之间的相关性,本文采用一种应用广泛的幂指数模型来表示氢气的产率,利用Origin和1stOpt软件通过多参数的拟合求得氢气和二氧化碳的动力学反应活化能分别为229-1kJ?mol和197-1kJ?mol,指前因子分别为2.04-1S和4.5E12-1S,并根据不同温度、压力下的反应级数a和常数k建立了垃圾渗滤液超临界制氢的化学反应动力学模型。
[Abstract]:With the depletion of fossil energy and the deterioration of the environment, people urgently need to find a new type of clean energy as a substitute for fossil fuels. However, hydrogen energy has attracted people's attention because of its absolutely non-polluting combustion characteristics, so various hydrogen production processes have emerged. Generally, hydrogen production processes or resources are wasted seriously, or the low hydrogen production rate can not be popularized on a large scale. The supercritical water gasification process has the advantages of quick reaction, high gasification rate and clean process. As a new type of hydrogen production technology, it is an environment-friendly and resource-efficient hydrogen production technology. Hydrogen production from supercritical water gasification has a good development prospect. Based on the latest research results of supercritical water hydrogen production in the world, this paper discusses the research status of supercritical water gasification hydrogen production technology of leachate. The main technical problems and possible solutions for hydrogen production from supercritical water gasification at this stage are pointed out. In this paper the gasification of hydrogen production in supercritical water is carried out with the landfill leachate as the research object. The effects of reaction temperature, pressure and residence time on the reaction results were discussed in detail. The effects of different reaction conditions on the volume components and yields of hydrogen, methane and carbon dioxide in gaseous products were investigated in order to produce hydrogen. The effect of COD and TOC removal efficiency of leachate was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas-mass spectrometry. The chemical reaction mechanism of supercritical water gasification for hydrogen production from leachate was preliminarily discussed, and the method of combining single factor analysis with orthogonal test was adopted. The optimum reaction conditions for gasification of leachate in supercritical water to produce hydrogen gas are obtained as follows: temperature 450 鈩，
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