燕麦麸多糖超声微波协同提取工艺优化及对高脂血大鼠的降脂作用研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 22:10

本文关键词：燕麦麸多糖超声微波协同提取工艺优化及对高脂血大鼠的降脂作用研究　出处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究显示,燕麦麸皮多糖具有调节体内胆固醇、血压、血脂、血糖水平及提高免疫力等生理功能。本实验在前人研究的基础上,研究提取燕麦麸皮中多糖混合物的新方法,以提高得率。针对所提取的燕麦麸多糖进一步研究其对高脂血症模型大鼠的血脂调节作用。超声微波协同提取工艺的研究。以燕麦麸皮为原料,采用超声微波协同法提取燕麦麸多糖。通过单因素试验探讨微波功率、液料比、p H和超声-微波协同时间对燕麦麸多糖得率及纯度的影响,并通过二次回归中心组合试验、响应面分析法确定燕麦麸多糖提取的最佳工艺参数。得出最佳工艺条件为:微波功率639 W、液料比36:1、p H10、超声-微波协同时间18 min。与传统水提法相比,燕麦麸多糖得率从4.30%提高到8.45%。通过扫描电镜及红外光谱分析得出得到的燕麦麸多糖结构未发生改变。高脂血症动物模型造模方法的研究。以SD大鼠为试验材料,研究建立高效而稳定的高脂血症动物模型。比较了高脂饲料喂养法和高脂乳剂灌胃法两种常用的大鼠高脂血症模型造模方法。通过记录大鼠体重变化、检测大鼠血脂六项水平和病理切片评价两种造模方法。结果显示:造模4周后高脂饲料组及高脂乳剂组大鼠血脂六项水平均与空白对照组大鼠差异显著,造模结束后5周内高脂饲料组模型稳定性高于高脂乳剂组;观察肝脏病理切片结果显示与空白对照组相比高脂饲料组大鼠肝脏脂肪滴大小、数量及病理变异情况更加显著,因此采用高脂饲料喂养法对SD大鼠建立高脂血症模型。燕麦麸多糖对高脂血症SD大鼠降脂效果的研究。建立高脂血症动物模型后,除空白对照组及高脂模型对照组外,其余各组分别以燕麦麸多糖(高、中、低剂量)、燕麦麸皮粉(高、中、低剂量)和市售β-葡聚糖保健品(高、中、低剂量)灌胃,比较各组大鼠灌胃后的各项指标。结果显示:燕麦麸多糖中剂量组降脂效果最优,与降脂前对比,燕麦麸多糖中剂量组血清TC降低了1.079 mmol/m L,TG提高了0.341 mmol/m L,HDL-C降低了0.579 mg/d L,LDL-C降低了0.489 mg/d L;肝脏病理切片观察结果显示:燕麦麸多糖中剂量组肝脏细胞中脂肪空泡现象改善效果最佳。与燕麦麸皮粉高剂量组及β-葡聚糖高剂量组比较差异不显著。最终研究结果表明:采用超声微波协同提取工艺提取燕麦麸中的多糖混合物,具有提高得率的明显效果。燕麦麸中的多糖提取物对高脂血症大鼠的血脂水平具有较好的调节作用,且剂量不呈现量效关系。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that oat bran polysaccharides have the physiological functions of regulating cholesterol, blood pressure, blood lipid, blood glucose level and improving immunity. A new method for extracting polysaccharide mixture from oat bran was studied. In order to improve the yield, the effects of oat bran polysaccharides on lipid regulation in hyperlipidemic rats were further studied. The ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction process was studied. Oat bran was used as raw material. The extraction of oat bran polysaccharides by ultrasonic microwave synergy was studied. The effects of microwave power, ratio of liquid to material H and ultrasonic microwave synergistic time on the yield and purity of oat bran polysaccharides were investigated by single factor experiment. The optimum extraction parameters of oat bran polysaccharides were determined by the quadratic regression center combination test and response surface analysis. The optimum technological conditions were obtained as follows: microwave power 639 W, ratio of liquid to material 36: 1. Compared with traditional water extraction, the synergistic time of ultrasound and microwave was 18 min. The polysaccharide yield of oat bran was increased from 4.30% to 8.45.The structure of the polysaccharide obtained from oat bran was not changed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy. SD rats were used as experimental materials. The aim of this study was to establish an animal model of hyperlipidemia with high efficiency and stability. Two commonly used models of hyperlipidemia in rats were compared by feeding with high fat diet and feeding with high fat emulsion. The changes of body weight of rats were recorded. Six levels of serum lipids and two methods of evaluating rat models by pathological section were determined. The results showed that the six levels of serum lipids in the high fat diet group and the high fat emulsion group were significantly different from those in the blank control group after 4 weeks of model making. The stability of the model in the high-fat diet group was higher than that in the high-fat emulsion group within 5 weeks after the establishment of the model. Compared with the control group, the size, quantity and pathological variation of hepatic fat droplets in the high-fat diet group were significantly higher than those in the control group. Therefore, the hyperlipidemia model of SD rats was established by hyperlipidemic feed method. The effect of oat bran polysaccharide on hyperlipidemia SD rats was studied. After the establishment of hyperlipidemia animal model. In addition to the blank control group and the hyperlipidemia model control group, the other groups were treated with oat bran polysaccharide (high, medium, low dose), oat bran powder (high, medium, low dose) and market 尾 -glucan health products (high, medium and low) respectively. The results showed that oat bran polysaccharide medium dose group had the best effect of lowering lipid, and compared with that before lipid lowering. In the middle dose group of oat bran polysaccharide, serum TC decreased by 1.079 mmol/m / L and TG increased by 0.341 mmol/m / L. HDL-C decreased 0.579 mg/d / L, LDL-C decreased by 0.489 mg/d / L; The pathological examination of liver showed that:. The effect of oat bran polysaccharides medium dose group on the improvement of fat vacuole in liver cells was the best, but there was no significant difference between the high dose group of oat bran powder and the high dose group of 尾 -glucan. Finally, the results showed that:. The polysaccharide mixture from oat bran was extracted by ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction process. The polysaccharide extract from oat bran had a good effect on the blood lipid level of hyperlipidemia rats, and the dose had no dose-effect relationship.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS210.9;TS201.4

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