缠绕式提升机主轴装置动力学特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 04:41

本文关键词：缠绕式提升机主轴装置动力学特性研究　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：矿井提升机是矿山运输与提升系统中的重要设备,提升机一旦发生事故,将会对矿山生产造成重大的财产损失,所以矿井提升机性能与质量的优劣对采矿效率和人员的安全具有重要的影响。其中主轴装置是提升机承受载荷与传递动力的关键部件,因此,主轴装置的动态特性与提升机的健康状态有着很密切的联系。因此,以提升机主轴装置为研究对象,以提升机的可靠状态监测为研究目标,开展主轴装置静力学分析与动力学分析方面的动态特性研究。研究成果将为提升机主轴装置故障诊断提供理论基础和技术手段,提高矿井提升机状态监测的可靠性。本文以2JTP-1.2×0.8单绳缠绕式矿井提升机的主轴装置为研究对象,分别进行了四方面的研究,包括静力学分析、模态分析、谐响应分析与瞬态动力学分析并进行了试验研究。首先,对提升机主轴装置进行结构静力学分析。在分析结果中查看主轴装置的应力应变特性,得到各工况下各零件的最大应力值与变形量,然后与各零件材料的许用应力进行对比,进行强度的校核,再通过查看主轴的最大变形量对主轴进行刚度校核。通过对静力学分析结果的分析与对各零件的校核,得出各零件均满足强度要求并且主轴满足刚度要求。其次,为了避免主轴装置发生共振或者以特定的频率进行振动,对主轴装置进行模态分析。从分析结果得到了主轴装置的前6阶固有频率与所对应的主振型。然后对主轴装置进行谐响应分析,确定结构在承受不同频率成分的载荷时的稳态响应。分析结果显示提升机主轴装置的敏感频率范围在44Hz,64Hz和156Hz附近,接近于模态分析中的第1阶,第3阶和第5阶固有频率,提升机工作时应避免该频率段的激励。然后,分别对主轴装置在正常运行状态下与卡罐状态下进行瞬态动力学分析。在正常运行状态下,卷筒的最大应力值为167 Mpa,变化规律与作用在筒壳表面的均布压力的变化规律相似,主轴正常运行状态下的最大应力保持在40Mpa左右,变化规律与作用在卷筒上的钢丝绳拉力造成的扭矩的变化规律相似。当发生卡罐事故时,卷筒与主轴的应力均有一定程度的增大,主轴的最大应力值增大的程度相对较大。两次分析结果显示主轴装置在正常运行时与卡罐断绳时均可以保证安全稳定的运行。最后,对主轴装置进行振动特性的研究。先对主轴装置进行运行速度为0.5m/s、1m/s、1.5m/s、2m/s与2.5m/s的瞬态动力学分析,查看运行过程中主轴装置的振动特性。然后搭建试验台,在提升机试验台上进行主轴装置振动特性的试验研究,利用加速度传感器拾取轴承座位置的振动加速度信号。通过将仿真分析与试验对比分析发现,两种方式所得到振动加速度的幅值变化规律一致,振动加速度的幅值随提升机运行速度的增大而增大,从而验证了仿真分析的正确性。所以,对主轴装置振动特性的进一步研究可以通过仿真分析完成。
[Abstract]:Mine hoist is the important equipment in mine transportation and lifting system, lifting machine once the accident, will cause serious loss of the property of mine production, has an important influence so mine hoist performance and quality of the mining efficiency and the safety of personnel. The spindle unit is the key part of hoist, loading and transfer power therefore, and improve the dynamic characteristics of spindle device of machine health status has a very close relationship. Therefore, in order to improve the machine spindle device as the research object, in order to improve the reliability of monitoring machine as the research object, research on dynamic characteristic analysis and dynamic analysis of spindle device statics. The research results will provide the theoretical basis and the technical means of fault diagnosis device for lifting machine spindle, improve the reliability of mine hoist monitoring. Based on the 2JTP-1.2 * 0.8 single rope winding mine Lifting machine spindle device as the research object, were studied in four aspects, including static analysis, modal analysis, harmonic response analysis and transient response analysis and experiments were carried out. Firstly, structural statics analysis on the main shaft of the hoist. The stress strain characteristics of check spindle apparatus in results, obtained the maximum stress and deformation of the parts under different working conditions, and then the parts of the allowable stress of the strength check, the maximum deformation and stiffness of the spindle by viewing the check on the spindle. Based on the analysis results of the static analysis and the parts of the check, the parts satisfies the requirements of strength and stiffness of the spindle meet the requirements. Secondly, in order to avoid the occurrence of resonance or vibration of the spindle device at a specific frequency, modal analysis of the spindle apparatus. From the results of the analysis The main shaft device of the first 6 natural frequencies and corresponding vibration modes. Then the harmonic response analysis of spindle unit, determine the structure response under steady-state load bearing different frequency components. The analysis results show that the device of the elevator shaft of the sensitive frequency range at 44Hz, near 64Hz and 156Hz, first order close to in modal analysis, third order and fifth order natural frequency, the hoist should avoid the work frequency excitation. Then, respectively on the main shaft device under normal operation condition and can card the transient dynamic analysis. In the normal operation state, the drum of the maximum stress value is 167 Mpa, change similar changes in the law and effect of uniform pressure cylinder shell surface, the maximum stress of about 40Mpa in the spindle under normal operating conditions, the change of wire rope tension on the drum of the variation and effect caused by the torque The law is similar. When the card tank accident, the drum and the spindle stress increases to a certain extent, the spindle maximum stress value increases the degree is relatively large. Two analysis results showed that the main shaft device during normal operation with the card tank when the wire rope is broken can ensure the safe and stable operation. Finally, the research of vibration the characteristics of the main shaft device. The spindle device speed is 0.5m/s, 1m/s, 1.5m/s, 2m/s and 2.5m/s transient dynamics analysis of the vibration characteristics of spindle view during the operation of device. Then the experiment, experimental study on vibration characteristics of spindle device in hoist test bench, using vibration acceleration signal of the acceleration sensor pick up the bearing position. Through the comparative analysis of simulation analysis and experiment showed that changes in the same two ways to the amplitude of vibration acceleration, the amplitude of vibration acceleration with The increase of the speed of the hoist increases the correctness of the simulation analysis. Therefore, further research on the vibration characteristics of the spindle device can be done by simulation analysis.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD534

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