氮掺杂碳纳米纤维的制备及其在电催化析氢中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-03 09:54

本文关键词：氮掺杂碳纳米纤维的制备及其在电催化析氢中的应用　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

更多相关文章： 碳纳米纤维 AuNPs@NCNRs/CNFs 析氢反应

【摘要】：能源和环境问题是人类可持续发展的两大难题,寻求对环境无污染的绿色能源是当代科学家们的追求。氢能是较为理想的清洁绿色能源。电解水制氢由于具有绿色、高效等特点,是一种具有广泛应用前景的制氢方法。目前,高活性的电解水催化剂主要是Pt等贵金属类催化剂,但是由于其来源稀有、价格昂贵而严重制约了其工业化应用。氮掺杂碳材料作为一种新兴的电解水催化剂,因其储量丰富、价廉等特点,得到了科学家们的广泛关注。本文利用静电纺丝技术结合原位聚合和化学络合等方法制备了氮掺杂的碳纳米纤维(NCNRs/CNFs),并将其作为载体制备了氮-金纳米颗粒共掺杂的碳纳米纤维杂化材料(AuNPs@NCNRs/CNFs),并系统研究了其微观结构与电催化析氢活性及其之间的关系。主要内容如下:(1)将静电纺丝技术、原位聚合和高温石墨化过程相结合制备了NCNRs/CNFs杂化材料,并对其结构和性能进行了一系列表征。所制备CNFs的平均直径在160 nm到200 nm之间。原位聚合后,苯胺成功在CNFs表面聚合,通过高温煅烧后得到了NCNRs/CNFs。电催化析氢测试结果表明,NCNRs/CNFs杂化材料相对于CNFs具有较好的电催化析氢活性和稳定性。(2)为了进一步提高杂化材料的析氢性能,以少量贵金属金纳米颗粒共掺杂制备出了AuNPs@NCNRs/CNFs,并对其进行了一系列的表征。结果表明,AuNPs在NCNRs/CNFs表面分布的非常均匀,且没有明显的团聚现象。将合成的杂化材料在酸性条件下用作电催化析氢反应的催化剂,研究结果表明其具有非常优异的电催化析氢活性。AuNPs@NCNRs/CNFs的起始过电位约为126 mV,Tafel斜率约为93 mV dec-1,且具有非常好的稳定性。研究认为,所合成的催化材料优异的电催化析氢活性主要来源于AuNPs和氮掺杂碳纳米纤维之间强烈的协同作用。由于AuNPs的引入,降低了电催化析氢过程的吉布斯自由能(?GH),进而有利于析氢反应的快速进行。
[Abstract]:Energy and environment are two major problems of human sustainable development. Seeking green energy without environmental pollution is the pursuit of modern scientists. Hydrogen energy is an ideal clean green energy. Electrolytic water for hydrogen production due to its characteristics of green, efficient and so on. At present, the high activity electrolytic water catalyst is mainly Pt and other noble metal catalysts, but its source is rare. As a new kind of electrolytic water catalyst, nitrogen-doped carbon is a new kind of electrolytic water catalyst, because of its rich reserves, low price and so on. In this paper, nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers (NCNRs / CNFs) were prepared by electrospinning, in situ polymerization and chemical complexation. The carbon nanofiber hybrid material (AuNPs / CNFs) was prepared by using it as the carrier. The relationship between the microstructure and the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity was studied systematically. The main contents are as follows: 1) Electrospinning technology. NCNRs/CNFs hybrid materials were prepared by in-situ polymerization and high temperature graphitization. The average diameter of CNFs was between 160nm and 200nm. After in-situ polymerization, aniline was successfully polymerized on the surface of CNFs. After high temperature calcination, NCNRs / CNFs. the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution test results show that. NCNRs/CNFs hybrid materials have better electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity and stability than CNFs) in order to further improve the hydrogen evolution performance of hybrid materials. AuNPs @ NCNRs / CNFs were prepared by co-doping with a small amount of noble metal gold nanoparticles and characterized by a series of results. The AuNPs distribution on the surface of NCNRs/CNFs is very uniform and there is no obvious agglomeration. The synthesized hybrid materials are used as catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution under acidic conditions. The results show that it has excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. The initial overpotential of AuNPs / CNFs is about 126 MV. The slope of Tafel is about 93 MV dec-1 and has very good stability. The excellent electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of the synthesized materials is mainly due to the strong synergy between AuNPs and nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers. The Gibbs free energy of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution process is reduced. GHG, which is conducive to the rapid progress of hydrogen evolution reaction.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ116.21;TQ340.64

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