平沟煤矿瓦斯抽采工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-09 08:02

本文关键词：平沟煤矿瓦斯抽采工艺研究　出处：《内蒙古科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：瓦斯灾害是煤矿五大灾害之一,其长期制约着我国煤矿的安全生产,瓦斯的防治工作更是尤为重要。放顶煤是是厚煤层开采的一种重要方法,其开采工艺决定了采空区遗煤较多,遗煤所释放瓦斯就会急剧增加,更加容易导致综采工作面瓦斯超限问题的发生。如何采取有效措施实现安全高效开采成为摆在采矿工作者面前的重要任务。特定条件下,煤层采前预抽也是一种有效的区域性预防突出的技术措施,它对煤层赋存条件的要求较低,施工容易,成本较低。随着煤矿范围的扩大、开采深度的增加,瓦斯灾害日益加剧,由于受矿井采掘布置的影响,在矿井许多区域有必要采用下向钻孔进行瓦斯抽采,所以,对综放面瓦斯钻孔抽采技术的研究,具有十分重要的实际意义。本论文以平沟煤矿为基础,针对平沟煤矿为高瓦斯低透气性煤层,煤层透气性系数小,瓦斯抽采效率低的实际情况,进行深入分析。平沟煤矿主采9#、10#、16#煤层,按突出矿井管理。瓦斯问题困扰着工作面采掘接替,给矿井安全生产带来了隐患,限制了矿井的高产高效。1605工作面钻孔瓦斯抽采困难,仅有10%左右的瓦斯抽放率,抽采难达标、煤层透气性系数低、衰减快、瓦斯含量大、瓦斯压力高。对于低透气性突出煤层而言,煤体透气性极差,采用常规的钻孔布置方式及参数预抽煤层瓦斯时,往往达不到所要求的抽放效果。为此,需采用强化抽采瓦斯方法,通过水力压裂技术,人为强迫沟通煤层内的原有裂隙网络或产生新的裂隙网络,使煤体透气性增加,提高煤层瓦斯抽采效率。先根据理论分析和数值模拟及现场实际情况,设计或调整确定出设备的结构与工艺参数,然后研究高瓦斯高应力低透气性煤层有效卸压排放瓦斯的水力压裂技术措施,并进行试验,根据试验结果,对上述研究成果进行验证和修正。该技术增加煤层透气性,强化煤矿瓦斯抽采与利用,在源头上遏制重大恶性事故发生,是煤矿瓦斯治理、抽采与利用的新途径、新技术和新工艺,在节能减排、提高资源回收率等方面具有重大意义。保障煤矿安全生产,减少人员伤亡;解放煤矿生产力,实现矿井高产高效;改善井下作业环境,维护煤炭职工的健康;变废为宝,变害为利,为实现煤矿安全形势的根本好转而努力,经济和社会效益显著,具有广阔的推广应用前景。
[Abstract]:Gas disaster is one of the five major coal mine disasters, the long-term constraints of China's coal mine production safety, gas prevention and control work is particularly important. The top coal is is an important method in the thick seam mining, the mining process determines the coal goaf left coal more, the release of gas will increase sharply, more easily lead to fully mechanized coal face gas overrun problem. How to take effective measures to achieve the safe and efficient mining has become an important task for mining engineers. Under certain conditions, coal seam drainage before mining is a kind of effective prevention of regional technical measures for coal seam conditions and low requirement, easy construction and the cost is low. With the expansion of the scope of the coal mine, the increase of mining depth, the gas disaster is increasing, due to the mining layout of mine, mine in many areas is necessary to drill for tile This extraction, therefore, in fully mechanized caving face mining technology of gas drainage, and has very important practical significance. This thesis is based on the Pinggou coal mine, in Pinggou coal mine for high gas and low permeability coal seam, coal seam permeability coefficient is small, the actual situation of the low efficiency of mining gas drainage, in-depth analysis 9#, the main mining Pinggou coal mine 10# coal seam 16#, according to the management of gas outburst mine. Problems of working face mining, brings hidden trouble to the safety of mine production, limiting high yield and high efficiency of.1605 working face gas mine drainage difficulty, gas drainage rate is only about 10%, extraction difficult compliance, coal seam permeability coefficient is low, attenuation, high gas content and high gas pressure. For low permeability outburst coal seam, coal permeability range, using borehole layout mode and the parameters of the conventional gas pre drainage, drainage effect are often not up to the requirements. Therefore, the strengthening of gas drainage method, the hydraulic fracturing technology, forced the network communication in the coal original cracks or cracks network, make the coal permeability increase, coal seam gas drainage efficiency. According to the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation and the actual situation, determine the structure and the design or adjustment the process parameters of equipment, technical measures of hydraulic fracturing and high gas and high stress and low permeability coal seam effective pressure relief gas drainage, and test according to the test results, verify and revise the above research results. This technique increases the permeability of the coal seam, strengthen coal mine gas drainage and utilization, the occurrence of major accidents containment at the source, is the coal mine gas control, drainage and utilization of new ways, new technology and new technology in energy saving and emission reduction, it is of great significance to improve the recovery rate of resources. To ensure mine safety The whole production, reduce casualties; the liberation of coal mine productivity, achieve high yield and efficiency of mine; improving the underground working environment, maintenance of coal workers' health; treasure, variable harm into, and efforts to achieve a fundamental improvement in the security situation of the coal mine, significant economic and social benefits, and has broad application prospects.

【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD712.6

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