检察机关之环境公益诉讼原告资格研究

发布时间：2018-01-11 08:28

本文关键词：检察机关之环境公益诉讼原告资格研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来随着经济的增长,我国国民生产总值的增长速度不断攀升,人民的生活质量也远超从前。然而,经济飞速增长的同时环境危机越来越严重,最明显的就是因环境质量下降而引发的雾霾天气愈加频繁地出现,这对我国国民的生产、生活环境产生了巨大的威胁。正因如此,当下全社会对于环境保护越来越重视,国民的环境维权意识也在逐渐提高,国内的环境立法也在逐步完善。但是,由于环境侵权行为具有持续时间长、隐蔽性强且侵权主体强势等问题,普通民众在搜集侵权证据、证明侵权行为方面存在着许多的困难,而且新颁布的《环境保护法》中处罚措施不够严厉,使得许多损害环境公共利益的行为不能及时地被发现。因此,环境公益诉讼制度仍然需要改进,特别是对检察机关提起环境公益诉讼制度进行设计和完善,是现阶段主要的任务。检察机关为了国家的环境利益向人民法院提起诉讼,在证据收集和判决执行的监督上,具有其他组织和个人无可取代的优势,这些正是促进环境公益诉讼制度前进的动力源泉。本文将从三个方面研究和探讨环境公益诉讼制度。首先,介绍此种制度的的主要情况,具体阐述了其理论基础及原则,归纳总结了检察机关在该制度中的地位。其次,介绍检察机关拥有环境公益起诉权的合理性,具体阐述了检察机关作为环境公益诉讼原告的可行性与必要性。同时,横向对比分析检察机关与社会团体、个人提起环境公益诉讼的比较优势。最后,介绍检察机关提起环境公益诉讼的制度设计,论述了环境公益诉讼中的举证责任的设计方法,对以调解结案的方式、诉讼费用的承担以及诉讼时效制度如何完善的问题进行深入研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with economic growth, China's GNP growth rate continues to rise, the quality of people's life is far more than in the past. However, at the same time, the rapid economic growth of the environmental crisis is more and more serious, the most obvious is the decline in environmental quality caused by fog and haze even more frequently, the Chinese people the production and living environment have a huge threat. Because of this, the whole society to pay more attention to environmental protection, the national awareness of environmental protection is gradually increased, the domestic environmental legislation has been gradually perfected. However, because of the environmental tort has lasted for a long time, strong concealment and infringement of the main problems ordinary people to collect evidence of infringement, tort that there are many difficulties, but also environmental protection law > New < penalties is not tough enough to make many public environmental damage A total of interests is not timely be found. Therefore, the environmental public interest litigation system still needs to be improved, especially the design and perfection of the prosecution of environmental public interest litigation system is the main task of the present stage. The procuratorial organs for environmental interests of the country to the people's court proceedings, in the supervision of evidence collection and enforcement of judgments and with other organizations and individuals irreplaceable advantages, these are the impetus source of environmental public interest litigation system. This paper from the three aspects of the study and explore the system of environmental public interest litigation. Firstly, mainly introduce the system, expounds its theoretical basis and principles, summarized the status of the procuratorial organs in the system. Secondly, the rationality of the procuratorial authority has the right to sue the public environment, expounds the procuratorial organ as plaintiff of the environmental public interest litigation Feasibility and necessity. At the same time, comparative analysis of the procuratorial organs and social groups, the comparative advantage of environmental public interest litigation filed. Finally, introduces the system design of environmental public interest litigation, discusses the design method of the burden of proof in environmental public interest litigation, the mediation way, in-depth study of the litigation costs the bear and the question of how to improve the system of limitation of action.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.3;D922.68

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