真空带式微振泥浆筛脱水机理分析

发布时间：2018-01-13 06:00

本文关键词：真空带式微振泥浆筛脱水机理分析　出处：《长江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：石油行业的发展所带来的环境问题也日益突出,从井底返排回地面的钻井液需要及时处理,否则会对环境造成污染,从而影响人类和动物的健康。目前国内外对废弃钻井液的处理方法很多,处理技术的进步同时伴随着处理装置的发展。针对目前处理装置的不足,本课题提出一种新型的废弃钻井液处理装置——真空带式微振泥浆筛,本套装置能替代现有钻井液振动筛,实现钻屑处理与钻井固控系统一体化,提高处理效率,从而有效降低处理成本,满足废弃物处理减量化、稳定化、无害化的基本要求。真空带式微振泥浆筛的工作过程可分为两个阶段:第一个阶段,从井底返回地面的钻井液经过进料盒均匀排放到真空带式微振泥浆筛筛面上,环形筛网在主动轮的带动下向前运动,钻井液在筛网的带动下也不断向前输送。与此同时,真空系统在筛面下形成真空,由于真空的作用固相被截留在筛面上堆积形成一层滤饼,钻井液的液相将透过固相和筛网;第二个阶段,滤饼形成后,由于真空抽吸的作用,有一部分气相将穿过滤饼进入真空系统,同时携带走一部分液相,将滤饼干化。通过两个阶段的作用,最终将得到比较干化的固相。本文在分析了真空带式微振泥浆筛的结构和脱水机理的基础上,从实验和仿真两个方面对真空条件下的脱水机理进行了研究,具体的内容和结论包括:1、对多孔介质的形成进行描述,多孔介质的性质可以由孔隙率、渗透率、迂曲度等一些参数来描述,其中渗透率是表示多孔介质性质最主要的参数。2、讨论多孔介质内水分赋存形式以及各种水的脱除方法,研究真空抽吸对多孔介质中水分脱水的影响,将真空脱水分为两个阶段:压差脱水和空气置换脱水。其中压差脱水为多孔介质内的单相流,空气置换脱水为多孔介质内的气液两相流,同时分析了压差脱水和空气置换脱水的数学方程。3、建立实验室真空抽吸脱水的实验方案,实验分析了不同真空度、不同颗粒粒径、不同滤饼厚度对压差脱水效率的影响,实验分析了不同抽气量、不同颗粒粒径、不同滤饼厚度对空气置换脱水的影响。4、根据实验条件,在Fluent中建立真空抽吸脱水的物理模型,模拟了不同影响因素下压差脱水和空气置换脱水。将模拟结果与实验结果进行对比分析,发现模拟结果与实验结果具有相同的趋势,且数据比较接近,验证了模拟具有一定的可行性,为真空脱水提供一种分析预测方法,也为以后的进一步研究奠定基础。5、在Fluent中建立真空带式微振泥浆筛的脱水模型,预测真空带式微振泥浆筛的处理量为11.9m3/h和滤饼的最终含水率为18%。
[Abstract]:The environmental problems brought by the development of petroleum industry are becoming more and more prominent. The drilling fluid discharged back to the ground from the bottom of the well needs to be dealt with in time, otherwise, it will cause pollution to the environment. In order to affect human and animal health. At present, there are a lot of treatment methods of waste drilling fluid at home and abroad, the progress of treatment technology accompanied with the development of treatment equipment. In this paper, a new type of waste drilling fluid treatment device, vacuum strip micro-vibrating mud sieve, is proposed, which can replace the existing drilling fluid vibrating screen and realize the integration of drilling cuttings treatment and drilling solid control system. In order to improve the treatment efficiency, effectively reduce the cost of treatment, meet the basic requirements of waste reduction, stabilization and innocuity. The working process of vacuum strip micro-vibrating mud sieve can be divided into two stages: the first stage. The drilling fluid returned to the ground from the bottom of the well is uniformly discharged through the feed box to the vacuum strip micro-vibrating mud sieve surface, and the annular screen moves forward under the driving of the active wheel. At the same time, the vacuum system forms a vacuum under the screen surface, because the solid phase of the vacuum is cut off on the screen surface to form a layer of filter cake. The liquid phase of the drilling fluid will pass through the solid phase and the screen; In the second stage, a part of the gas phase will pass through the filter cake to enter the vacuum system after the filter cake is formed, and a part of the liquid phase will be carried away to dry the filter cake through the action of two stages. On the basis of analyzing the structure and dehydration mechanism of vacuum microvibratory mud sieve, the mechanism of dehydration under vacuum condition is studied from two aspects of experiment and simulation. The specific contents and conclusions include: 1, the formation of porous media is described, the properties of porous media can be described by porosity, permeability, detour and other parameters. Permeability is the most important parameter of porous media properties. The forms of water storage in porous media and various water removal methods are discussed. The effect of vacuum suction on water dehydration in porous media is studied. Vacuum dehydration is divided into two stages: pressure differential dehydration and air displacement dehydration, in which the differential pressure dehydration is a single-phase flow in porous media and the air-displacement dehydration is a gas-liquid two-phase flow in porous media. At the same time, the mathematical equation of pressure difference dehydration and air displacement dehydration is analyzed. The experimental scheme of vacuum suction dehydration in laboratory is established. The different vacuum degree and particle size are analyzed experimentally. The effect of different filter cake thickness on the pressure difference dehydration efficiency was analyzed. The effects of different air extraction amount, different particle size and different filter cake thickness on air displacement dehydration were analyzed. 4 according to the experimental conditions. The physical model of vacuum suction dehydration was established in Fluent. The pressure difference dehydration and air displacement dehydration were simulated under different influence factors. The simulation results were compared with the experimental results. It is found that the simulation results have the same trend with the experimental results, and the data are close to each other, which verifies the feasibility of the simulation, and provides a method of analysis and prediction for vacuum dehydration. It also lays a foundation for further research. 5. The dewatering model of vacuum microvibrating slurry sieve is established in Fluent. It is predicted that the treatment capacity of the vacuum microvibrating mud sieve is 11.9 m3 / h and the final moisture content of the filter cake is 18.3 / h.
【学位授予单位】：长江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE927;X741

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