混合冷剂制冷循环工艺流程模拟及优化计算

发布时间：2018-01-16 07:34

本文关键词：混合冷剂制冷循环工艺流程模拟及优化计算　出处：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：液化天然气(LNG)具有热值高、便于运输、燃烧后对环境无负担的优点,是十分理想的绿色环保能源,发展天然气行业是全面提高能源使用效率的核心途径,目前天然气液化已成为备受世人瞩目的新兴工业。我国在液化LNG领域起步较晚,在国家政策的大力扶持下,国内的液化LNG工业已取得长足的进步,但仍落后于国外领先的LNG技术。LNG工厂的设计建设应本着节能减排、提高生产效率的原则,优化液化LNG工艺,成为关键所在。本文主要对LNG工厂进行工艺对比,确定了合理的工艺流程,并进行了全流程模拟计算与操作的优化。对全部设备进行了计算与选型,并确保所有设备国产化。首先,液化LNG工厂的主要工艺包括:预处理工艺和液化工艺。液化工艺的核心是制冷工艺,为简化LNG工艺流程、减少生产机器设备、节约投资成本,本文采用了 MRC混合冷剂闭式制冷循环。预处理工艺又包括脱硫、脱碳、脱水、脱重烃、脱汞、脱氮等工艺流程。其中脱硫脱碳工艺又是预处理环节的重中之重,以甲基二乙醇胺(MDEA)法为代表的化学吸附法具有各方优势应用最为广泛。为进一步节省投资,提高LNG工厂的市场竞争力,我们还选用了设备撬装化设计,虽然提高了设计成本,但是在运输、安装、调试等环节缺大大降低了时间成本、物质成本和劳动力成本。所以,本文的液化LNG工厂整体工艺确确立为:MDEA预处理工艺,MRC混合冷剂制冷闭式循环液化工艺,并选择设备的撬装化设计。其次,LNG模拟计算方面,本项目使用美国AspenTech公司的Hysys软件。通过使用Hysys软件对加压、净化、液化等各工艺模拟计算,得出工艺设计最优参数。从物料衡算表计算结果,确定LNG日均产量等生产信息,并对设备进行了选型计算,为实际生产优化提供技术指导。
[Abstract]:Liquefied natural gas (LNG) has the advantages of high calorific value, convenient transportation and no burden on the environment after combustion, so it is a very ideal green energy for environmental protection. The development of natural gas industry is the core way to improve the efficiency of energy use in an all-round way. At present, natural gas liquefaction has become a new industry attracting the attention of the world. China started late in the field of liquefied LNG. With the support of national policy, the domestic liquefaction LNG industry has made great progress, but still lags behind the foreign leading LNG technology. The design and construction of LNG plant should be based on energy saving and emission reduction. The key is to improve the production efficiency and optimize the liquefaction LNG process. This paper mainly compares the process of LNG plant and determines the reasonable process flow. And the whole process of simulation calculation and operation optimization. All the equipment for calculation and selection, and to ensure that all equipment localization. First of all. The main processes of liquefaction LNG plant include pretreatment process and liquefaction process. The core of liquefaction process is refrigeration process. In order to simplify LNG process, reduce production machine and equipment, save investment cost. In this paper, a closed refrigeration cycle with MRC refrigerant mixture is used. The pretreatment process includes desulphurization, decarbonization, dehydration, dehydrocarbon removal and mercury removal. The desulphurization and decarbonization process is the most important part of pretreatment. The chemical adsorption method, represented by methyl diethanolamine (MDEA) method, has been widely used in various fields. In order to further save investment and improve the market competitiveness of LNG plant. We also choose the equipment prying design, although the design cost is increased, but in the transportation, installation, debugging and other links lack of greatly reduce the time cost, material cost and labor cost. In this paper, the whole process of liquefaction LNG plant is established as the closed cycle liquefaction process of mixed refrigerant refrigerant, and the prying design of the equipment is selected. In the aspect of LNG simulation, the Hysys software of AspenTech Company is used in this project. The process of pressurization, purification, liquefaction and so on is simulated by using Hysys software. From the calculation results of material balance table, the production information such as LNG daily average output is determined, and the equipment type selection calculation is carried out, which provides technical guidance for practical production optimization.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE646

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