叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂的合成工艺研究

发布时间：2018-01-20 01:27

  本文关键词： 聚氨酯(PU) 叔胺 液相反应 催化加氢　出处：《华东理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：聚氨酯材料因其优良的机械性能、耐化学品性和良好的装饰性、耐磨性及干燥快等特点越来越受到重视,在材料工业中占据重要地位。催化剂是聚氨酯材料的重要组成部分,现有聚氨酯催化剂合成工艺条件苛刻,大多要求高温高压,研究开发新型聚氨酯催化剂合成工艺对简洁高效制备优良聚氨酯材料有理论指导意义和实用价值。本文对四种叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂的合成方法进行研究,实验采用液相催化加氢法制备叔胺聚氨酯催化剂,研究了原料、催化剂、温度、压力等因素对叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂合成工艺的影响,得到了叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂制备的最佳工艺条件。通过以上研究得到了以下结果:1)以二乙二醇(DEG)和二甲胺(DMA)为原料,Ni50为催化剂合成双(二甲氨基乙基)醚(BDMAEE),在150℃、40bar时,二乙二醇的转化率可达62.01%,二甲氨基乙氧基乙醇(DMAEE)的选择性为62.08%,BDMAEE的选择性为4.10%。2)以二甲氨基丙胺(DMAPA)和二甲氨基丙腈(DMAPN)为原料,以A2C(Solvay公司自制)为催化剂合成了双-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(缩写为Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(缩写为Tris-DMAPA)。在60℃-65℃、15bar、催化剂用量为2.7wt.%、二甲氨基丙胺(DMAPA)和二甲氨基丙腈(DMAPN)质量比为2时,得到双-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(Tris-DMAPA)的总产率为98%,产物中双-(3-二甲基丙氨基)胺(Bis-DMAPA)和三-(二甲氨丙基)胺(Tris-DMAPA)的比例为1:1。3)以苯甲醛(PhCHO)与二甲胺(DMA)为原料,钯/碳为催化剂合成N,N-二甲基苄胺(BDMA),在苯甲醛(PhCHO)和二甲胺(DMA)的摩尔比为1:1.03、催化剂用量为0.2wt.%、反应釜压力为25bar、加氢温度为T3+20℃、反应时间为3h-4h时,反应选择性为99%,催化剂可重复利用。本文通过对四种叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂合成方法的研究,获得了催化剂制备工艺参数,验证了采用液相催化加氢法能够制得高效叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂,结果为叔胺类聚氨酯催化剂的开发和应用奠定了良好的基础。
[Abstract]:Polyurethane materials have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, good decoration, wear resistance and fast drying. The catalyst is an important part of polyurethane material. The existing synthesis conditions of polyurethane catalyst are harsh, and most of them require high temperature and high pressure. The research and development of new polyurethane catalyst synthesis technology has theoretical significance and practical value for simple and efficient preparation of excellent polyurethane materials. In this paper, four kinds of tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst synthesis methods are studied. Tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst was prepared by liquid phase catalytic hydrogenation. The effects of raw materials, catalyst, temperature and pressure on the synthesis process of tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst were studied. The optimum conditions for the preparation of tertiary amine polyurethane catalysts were obtained. The following results were obtained: 1) using diethylene glycol (DEG) and dimethylamine (DMA) as raw materials. Bis (dimethylamino ethyl) ether was synthesized with Ni50 as catalyst. The conversion of diethylene glycol could reach 62.01% at 150 鈩，

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