新疆北山地区与云南普朗铜矿高光谱岩矿信息提取研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 19:21

本文关键词： 高光谱遥感岩性分类蚀变信息提取北山地区普朗铜矿　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：高光谱遥感起源于20世纪80年代初期,是对地观测领域的重大技术突破之一,这一技术的出现使得遥感技术有了新的方向。目前,高光谱遥感已被广泛应用于环境监测、大气研究、植被调查、精准农业、地质填图、海洋遥感、军事目标探测等领域,尤其在地质填图领域取得了很好的效果。高光谱遥感极大地增强了遥感对地观测能力和地物识别能力,提高了遥感技术的定量化水平。高光谱遥感对地物光谱特性的测度细致、对物质的描述精确,但图像数据量大、波段间信息相关性强,这也是目前高光谱技术应用需要解决的问题之一。本研究以新疆北山地区和云南普朗斑岩型铜矿为研究区。在分析新疆若羌北山地区和云南普朗斑岩型铜矿区域地质背景的基础上,利用Hy Map航空高光谱数据对新疆若羌北山地区进行岩性分类;利用Hyperion高光谱数据对云南普朗斑岩型铜矿进行蚀变矿物(组合)信息提取,并辅以全谱段的ASTER多光谱数据进行硅化蚀变信息提取。利用HyMap航空高光谱数据对新疆北山地区进行岩性分类过程中,选择光谱角(SAM)、光谱信息散度(SID)、二值编码(BE)3种高光谱分类方法进行光谱匹配,分出13种不同岩性。通过对3种分类方法进行精度分析,发现SAM方法为该区岩性分类的最优方法。综合利用Hy Map影像、高光谱岩性分类结果进行岩矿信息提取综合应用,能够快速、精确的确定地质界线和岩性填图。利用Hyperion和ASTER数据对云南普朗铜矿进行蚀变信息提取研究,并根据蚀变信息提取结果进行蚀变带划分,分为绢英岩化带、泥化带、青磐岩化带。利用ASTER数据进行硅化蚀变信息提取过程中,通过反演Si O2含量来校正硅化蚀变信息提取结果,能够更准确的提取硅化蚀变信息。蚀变信息提取结果符合普朗斑岩型铜矿蚀变带分布规律,在一定程度上,可为高光谱遥感找矿提供支撑。
[Abstract]:Hyperspectral remote sensing, originated in the beginning of 1980s, is one of the most important breakthroughs in the field of Earth observation. The emergence of this technology has made remote sensing technology have a new direction. Hyperspectral remote sensing has been widely used in environmental monitoring, atmospheric research, vegetation investigation, precision agriculture, geological mapping, marine remote sensing, military target detection and other fields. Especially in the field of geological mapping good results have been achieved. Hyperspectral remote sensing has greatly enhanced the ability of remote sensing to earth observation and recognition of ground objects. The quantitative level of remote sensing technology is improved. Hyperspectral remote sensing measures the spectral characteristics of ground objects carefully, describes the matter accurately, but has a large amount of image data and strong correlation of information between bands. This is also one of the problems that need to be solved in the application of hyperspectral technology. In this study, the porphyry copper deposits in Beishan area of Xinjiang and Plang porphyry copper mine in Yunnan province are studied. The study is based on the analysis of the Beishan area of Ruoqiang, Xinjiang and the porphyry copper deposit area of Plang, Yunnan Province. Based on the geological background. Using Hy Map airborne hyperspectral data, lithologic classification was carried out in the Beishan area of Ruoqiang, Xinjiang. The information of altered minerals (assemblages) of porphyry copper deposits in Plang Yunnan Province was extracted by using Hyperion hyperspectral data. The ASTER multispectral data of the whole spectrum are used to extract the information of silication alteration. The spectral angle is selected in the lithologic classification of Beishan area of Xinjiang using HyMap airborne hyperspectral data. Spectral information divergence and binary coding are used for spectral matching and 13 different lithology are obtained. The accuracy of these three classification methods is analyzed. It is found that SAM method is the best method for lithologic classification in this area. The comprehensive application of Hy Map image and hyperspectral lithologic classification results in the extraction of rock and mineral information can be rapid. Accurate determination of geological boundaries and lithologic mapping. Using Hyperion and ASTER data to extract alteration information of Plang Copper Mine in Yunnan Province and divide the alteration zones according to the results of the extraction of alteration information. It can be divided into sericolith zone, mudstone zone and Qingiranlitization zone. In the process of extracting silication alteration information from ASTER data, the result of silicification alteration information extraction is corrected by inversion of Sio _ 2 content. The result of the extraction of alteration information accords with the distribution law of the alteration zone of porphyry type copper deposit in Plang, which can provide support for hyperspectral remote sensing prospecting to a certain extent.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P627

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