低温季节生物强化潜流人工湿地对微污染湖水的净化研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 19:46

本文选题：人工湿地　切入点：低温季节　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济的快速发展,湖泊等水体污染较为严重,人工湿地技术被广泛地应用于湖泊、河流等污染水体的生态修复领域。该技术近年来在工程应用中取得了显著的成果,且在南方应用较多,而在北方地区的低温季节,一些水生植物难以适应低温,微生物活性降低,导致了北方冬季的人工湿地净化污水效果不佳,而低温季节下微生物与水生植物在人工湿地中的强化作用被研究较少,因此,在低温季节下研究投加微生物菌剂且种植越冬植物的人工湿地对污染湖水的净化效果,具有较强的实际工程参考意义。本论文通过建立垂直潜流人工湿地微宇宙实验系统,种植耐寒植物水芹菜为人工湿地植物,并定期投加复合微生物菌剂,设计了微生物实验、植物生长特性实验以及水质净化实验,研究了低温季节人工湿地系统对污染湖水的处理效果,以及水芹菜的生长特性,得出了以下结论:(1)实验通过在人工湿地植物根际和基质表层采集的土壤样品中,筛选出十二株复合微生物菌种,在15℃、150 r/s的条件下,运用污染湖水样品进行初步筛选,进而挑选出三种对污水处理效果较好的低温微生物菌种;再把初筛后的微生物菌种采用平板涂布法进行复筛,分离出纯菌,并对纯菌作生长曲线测定和形态学鉴定;通过污染湖水样品的净化小试实验结果比对,最终选出了五种高效的菌株;利用微生物的协同作用,将这五株菌种在一定比例下构建复合微生物菌剂,按照不同投加量投加至污水样品中,测定污染湖水COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP的指标变化,在JX2、JX3和J4菌比例为10:2:0.5、投加量为10%时,该复合微生物菌剂对污染湖水的处理效果最好,对五种纯菌进行16sr RNA序列测定,并做菌种保藏。(2)在冬季低温条件下,建立水芹菜垂直潜流人工湿地系统,在部分湿地处理单元中投加已构建的低温复合微生物菌剂,从而进行水芹菜生长特性实验以及水质净化实验。研究表明,温度较低的冬季里,在两组湿地处理单元Z1和Z2中,水芹菜均表现出良好的生长状态,没有病害现象,在整个实验期间,除了植物株高在第14天变化明显,其余变化均不太大,植物株高净增长每周不超过4.5cm,最大植物根长净增长每周不超过2.5cm,水芹菜的叶绿素含量在逐渐上升,在第21到第28天的时候增加较明显,总叶绿素从3.75 mg/g增加到6.75mg/g,水芹菜的根系活力上升较平稳,根系活力从0.018 TTC/g·h增加到0.036TTC/g·h,水芹菜TN含量由3.20 g N/m2增加到4.14 g N/m2,TP含量由0.273 g P/m2增加到0.477 g P/m2,尤其是在微生物的作用下水芹菜在单元Z1中的长势要比在单元Z2好。水质净化实验的结果表明,对污染湖水中的污染物去除效率最高的是湿地单元S1(植物,基质,微生物),相比湿地单元S2和S3,在低温季节下投加低温复合微生物和种植水芹菜,加强了垂直潜流人工湿地系统的净化效能,COD、NH4+-N、TN、TP的平均去除率为54.17%、38.59%、45.79%、70.17%。通过本文的研究表明,微生物和水芹菜在低温条件下,一定程度上强化了人工湿地净化污染湖水的能力。因此,在低温季节人工湿地的系统设计中,对于净化微污染的湖水,针对性的投加复合微生物菌剂是个不错的选择,同时,水芹菜可以作为一种耐寒越冬植物被推广到北方地区的低温季节人工湿地工程应用中。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the pollution of water is serious, artificial wetland technology is widely applied in the field of ecological restoration of lakes, rivers and other water pollution. This technology has made remarkable achievements in engineering application in recent years, and widely used in the south, while in the north area of the cold season, some aquatic plants to to adapt to the low temperature, microbial activity, resulting in the artificial wetland in winter in North sewage purification effect and strengthening effect of microorganisms and aquatic plants under low temperature season in the artificial wetland is less studied, therefore, study on the purification effect of adding microbial inoculum and planting overwintering plants constructed wetland to pollute the lake water in the low temperature season, with strong practical engineering reference. This paper through the establishment of vertical flowconstructed wetland microcosm experiment system, planting hardy plant water celery artificial wet Plants, and regularly adding composite microbial agents, designed the microbiology experiment, plant growth characteristics and experimental water purification experiment, study the treatment effect of low temperature season artificial wetland system on pollution of lake water, and water celery growth characteristics, draws the following conclusions: (1) through the experiments of soil samples in the rhizosphere of plants in artificial wetland and the surface of substrate collected, screened Twelve Strains of complex microbial strains, 15 degrees, 150 r/s under the condition of using the polluted lake water samples were screened, and then pick out three of the sewage treatment effect of low temperature microorganisms; the initial microbial strain after the sieve plate coating method for screening. The separation of pure bacteria, and the determination of pure bacteria and morphological identification of growth curve; through the purification of polluted lake water samples on the experiment result, selected five efficient strains; utilization The synergistic effect of microorganisms, the five strains in a certain proportion under the construction of composite microbial agents, different dosage of adding to the sewage samples according to the determination of COD, NH4+-N, TN lake pollution, and indexes, TP in JX2, JX3 and J4 in the ratio of 10:2:0.5, the dosage is 10%, the best the treatment effect of polluting the lake the composite microbial preparation of five kinds of pure bacteria were measured by 16sr RNA sequence, and preservation. (2) at low temperature in winter, the establishment of water celery vertical flow constructed wetland system in the low temperature part of wetland microbial processing unit was added to the water celery the growth characteristics and experimental water purification experiment. The results show that the low temperature in winter, in the wetland treatment unit Z1 and Z 2 two groups, cress showed good growth state, no disease phenomenon, during the whole experiment period, in addition to plants The plant height in Fourteenth days were not change obviously, the change is too large, the plant height of net growth per week does not exceed 4.5cm, the maximum root length per week net increase of not more than 2.5cm, the chlorophyll content of celery in water gradually increased, from twenty-first to twenty-eighth days increased obviously, the total chlorophyll increased from 3.75 mg/g to 6.75mg/g, water celery root vigor increased more steadily, root activity increased from 0.018 TTC/g h to 0.036TTC/g h, the water content of TN in celery increased from 3.20 g to 4.14 N/m2 g N/m2, TP content increased from 0.273 g to 0.477 P/m2 g P/m2, especially in the growing water celery unit in the Z1 in the role of microorganisms than in the unit Z2 water purification. The experimental results show that the removal efficiency of pollutants in the water is the highest wetland unit S1 (plant, matrix, microbial), compared to S2 and S3 in the wetland unit, under low temperature low temperature season adding compound microorganism Planting and water celery, strengthen the purification efficiency of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetland system COD, NH4+-N, TN, the average removal rate of TP was 54.17%, 38.59%, 45.79%, 70.17%. through this study show that microorganism and water celery under low temperature conditions, to a certain extent, enhanced the ability of purifying polluted lake water in artificial wetland. Therefore, in the design of artificial wetland system in low temperature season, for purification of micro polluted water, the dosage of composite microbial inoculum is a good choice, at the same time, water celery can be used as a cold winter plant was extended to the engineering application of artificial wetland in cold season in Northern area.

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X524

【相似文献】