采气管线水合物预测与抑制技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 01:33

  本文选题：水合物　切入点：生成条件预测　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：天然气水合物堵塞是气田集输、处理过程中遇到的共同难题。对于气田采气管线来说,由于井中流物成分复杂,水和杂质含量较多,因此在复杂多变的外界环境和流动条件下管线中极易生成水合物。水合物的局部堵塞会造成管线流通面积减小,管道输气能力下降,同时还会引起管道弯头、阀门、清管球等设备的损坏,甚至造成停产事故的发生,严重影响气田的正常生产和安全运行。目前,采气厂多采用与采气管线同沟铺设的注醇管线在井口位置向管线中注入甲醇水合物抑制剂的方式抑制管线中水合物的生成。在注醇过程中需要注意的两个关键问题:甲醇的注入时机和合理的注入量,即甲醇水合物抑制剂何时注、注多少的问题。目前采气厂采用人工估计的方式无法做到注醇工艺的精细化管理,缺乏科学依据,且导致甲醇的消耗量过大,严重增加了采气厂的运行成本。尽管设计院采用一些化工过程模拟计算软件Hysys、ProⅡ来进行计算,但是由于其操作的复杂性,计算时需要额外的相关配置,使现场操作人员难以掌握和熟练使用,同时这些商用软件的使用费用普遍较高,这无疑增加了采气厂的运行成本。本文针对长庆油田采气五厂采气管线水合物冻堵问题展开研究,通过对水合物相平衡模型的研究及求解,并通过与其他预测方法进行对比分析,确定了最优水合物生成预测模型:气固相平衡模型;同时针对甲醇抑制剂在管线运行温度压力条件下的分布,分别计算了水相、气相以及凝析液相中的甲醇含量,从而确定了甲醇抑制剂的总需用量。最后基于C++builder6.0平台,采用C++面向对象编程语言开发了水合物预测与抑制软件HydratePro的Windows版本,同时为了方便现场人员使用,扩大软件的使用范围,本文同时开发了HydratePro的Android版本,使现场人员可以通过不同的途径获得良好的解决方案。最后,将本软件应用到长庆油田采气五厂的实际生产中,通过对采用软件计算后的管线注醇量和往年同期的甲醇消耗量进行比较,验证了本软件的经济性和合理性。
[Abstract]:Gas hydrate plugging is a common problem in gas field gathering, transportation and treatment. For gas production pipeline in gas field, water and impurity content are much more due to the complexity of fluid composition in well. Therefore, the gas hydrate is easily formed in the pipeline under the complicated and changeable external environment and flow conditions. The local blocking of hydrate will cause the decrease of pipeline circulation area, the decrease of pipeline gas transmission capacity, and the formation of pipe elbows and valves. Damage to equipment such as pipe-clearing balls and even the occurrence of shutdown accidents have seriously affected the normal production and safe operation of the gas fields. At present, In gas production plants, the methanol hydrate inhibitor is injected into the pipeline in the same channel as the gas production pipeline. Two key questions should be paid attention to in the process of alcohol injection. Question: methanol injection timing and reasonable injection rate, That is, the problem of when and how many methanol hydrate inhibitors should be injected. At present, the method of artificial estimation in the gas production plant can not achieve the fine management of the alcohol injection process, which is lack of scientific basis, and leads to excessive consumption of methanol. Although the design institute uses some chemical process simulation software Hysysn Pro 鈪，

本文编号：1572793