影响大豆油脂脱色效果技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 19:28

本文选题：大豆油　切入点：PC5水合硅胶　出处：《福建农林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：大豆油是人们最常食用的植物油脂,消耗的量也是最多的。经济形势的飞速发展,人们生活水平的提升提高对食用植物油脂的品质的要求。特别是对油脂色泽的直观表现尤为重视。本研究在基于原有的油脂精炼过程中的脱色工艺研究,探讨使用新型的脱色剂PC5水合硅胶与活性白土对于油脂脱色工艺效果影响;探讨金属离子(Cu2+,Fe3+,Fe2+),磷脂和皂对油脂脱色工艺效果的影响;探索使用新型脱色剂PC5水合硅胶对油脂中的金属离子,皂的吸附性强于活性白土,搭配活性白土复合使用情况,研究新型脱色工序。通过上述研究达到提高脱色效率以及延缓油脂回色现象的目的。研究表明适当的PC5水合硅胶作为脱色剂能有效的提高油脂脱色效果,延缓油脂回色现象的产生。研究将考察因素(金属离子Fe2+,Fe3+,Cu2+,磷脂,皂)添加到带脱色油中,通过采用不同的脱色方法考察因素对油脂脱色以及油脂回色的效果影响。结果表明:考察因素金属离子,磷脂,皂对油脂脱色及油脂回色都有一定程度的影响,磷脂的影响程度最大,皂的影响程度最小。PC5水合硅胶对磷脂的吸附性较差,导致脱色油中的磷脂含量较高,磷脂在储存条件下有氧化从而影响油脂色泽。PC5水合硅胶对皂的吸附性强,而且皂含量对油脂回色的影响程度小。研究验证了 PC5水合硅胶活性白土联合脱色法的脱色效果显著,并探索油脂中部分成分对脱色工序的影响程度,设计实验研究探讨了反应温度、反应时间、PC5水合硅胶添加量、活性白土添加量对油脂脱色效果研究从而得到最佳油脂脱色生产工艺。在单因素的基础上,选取反应时间、反应温度、活性白土添加量、PC5水合硅胶添加量四个因素为自变量,进行Box-Behnken试验优化结果。得到脱色率(R)与反应温度(A)、反应时间(B)、PC5水合硅胶添加量(C)、活性白土添加量(D)之间的二次多项回归方程为R=86 + 0.48A+ 0.20B + 0.56C + 0.36D + 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC + 0.18BD + 0.000CD-0.97A2-0.067B2-0.076C2-0.86D2通过该方程获得PC5水合硅胶活性白土联合脱色法对大豆油脱色工艺中的最优方案为:反应温度91°C、反应时间25min、PC5水合硅胶添加量0.15%、活性白土添加量2%。所得到的脱色率的平均值为86.1%,与预测值只相差了 0.12%。
[Abstract]:Soybean oil is the most common vegetable oil consumed by people, and the amount consumed is the most. The rapid development of the economic situation, The improvement of people's living standard improves the quality of edible vegetable oils, especially the intuitive performance of oil color. This study is based on the original oil refining process of decolorization. The effects of new decolorizing agent PC5 hydrated silica gel and activated clay on the decolorization of oil and grease were discussed, and the effects of metal ions such as Cu _ 2, Fe _ 3 and Fe _ 2, phospholipids and soap on the decolorization of oil and grease were discussed. To explore the use of a new decolorizing agent PC5 hydrated silica gel for metal ions in oils and fats, the absorbability of soap is stronger than that of activated clay. The purpose of improving the decolorization efficiency and delaying the recovery of oil was studied. The results showed that the suitable PC5 hydrated silica gel as decolorizing agent could effectively improve the decolorization effect of oil and grease. In this study, the factors (metal ions Fe2, Fe _ 3, Cu _ 2, phospholipid, soap) were added to the decolorized oil. The effects of different decolorization factors on the decolorization of oil and grease were investigated by using different decolorization methods. The results showed that metal ions, phospholipid and soap had a certain degree of influence on the decolorization of oil and oil. The influence of phospholipid was the biggest, the influence of soap was the least. The adsorption of phospholipid was poor by PC5 hydrated silica gel, which resulted in the higher content of phospholipid in decolorizing oil. Phospholipid was oxidized under storage condition, which affected the adsorption of oil color. PC5 hydrated silica gel, and the content of soap had little effect on oil color recovery. The study proved that the decolorization effect of PC5 hydrated silica gel activated clay combined with decolorization method was remarkable. The effect of some components in oil on decolorization process was investigated. The reaction temperature, reaction time and the amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel were designed and studied. On the basis of single factor, four factors, such as reaction time, reaction temperature and amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel, were selected as independent variables. The optimized results of Box-Behnken test showed that the quadratic regression equation between decolorization rate (R) and reaction temperature, reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction time and amount of silica gel hydrated by BX PC5 and active clay admixture (D) were as follows: RC86 0.48A 0.20B 0.56C 0.36D 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC 0.18BD 0.18BD 0.000CD-0.97A2-67B2-0.076C2-0.86D2 through this equation, the equation was obtained by means of the equation: RC86 0.48A 0.20B 0.56C 0.36D 0.025AB-0.075AC-0.10AD-0.050BC 0.18BD 0.18BD. The optimal decolorization of soybean oil by PC5 hydrated silica gel combined with activated clay decolorization is as follows: reaction temperature 91 掳C, reaction time 25 min, adding amount of PC5 hydrated silica gel 0.15 and active clay 2. The average decolorization rate is 86.1. The predicted value is only 0.12.
【学位授予单位】：福建农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS224.6

【参考文献】