激光选区熔化制造装备工艺数据处理研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 19:28

本文选题：工艺数据处理　切入点：切层计算　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：激光选区熔化技术(Selective Laser Melting,SLM)利用高能量激光束选择性地熔化粉末材料,通过逐层铺粉、逐层熔化、逐层凝固堆积的方式实现复杂零件的高质量自由成形,是一种极具发展前景和应用优势的增材制造技术。作为SLM制造装备的核心组成部分,工艺数据处理用于工艺路径规划、工艺参数调节、激光扫描控制等功能模块之间的数据协同处理。全方位、多角度地实现激光器、扫描振镜的便捷控制,高效、高精度地实现切层计算、路径填充等工艺数据处理,不仅为自主SLM增材制造装备的开发提供了所必需的支撑条件,亦为新材料SLM成形工艺的研究提供了灵活可控的参数调整空间。为此,本文开展了面向自主激光选区熔化制造装备的工艺数据处理研究,主要成果如下:(1)提出了集切层数据处理、激光扫描控制功能于一体的SLM工艺软件框架体系,实现模型数据、切层数据、加工指令之间的无缝衔接。基于Visual C++软件开发工具、OpenGL图形渲染引擎搭建了 STL模型读取、显示及交互环境,为工艺数据处理算法的研究提供了开发平台。(2)分析了现有切层计算方法在效率和精度方面的不足,提出了基于共索引Hash映射排序策略的快速切层算法。通过构建切层线段端点与所在边或顶点的关联索引值,结合相邻切线段的有序邻接属性以及Hash函数直接寻址的特点构建共索引映射,实现了散乱切层线段的线性排序。(3)针对激光器、扫描振镜的便捷控制需求,开发了基于RTC5卡的激光扫描系统控制单元。分析了 RTC5的控制流程以及跳转命令、打标命令对扫描质量的影响,实现了激光扫描系统的全方位、多角度控制。(4)基于自主研制的陶瓷材料激光选区熔化试验平台实现了工艺数据处理软件的功能集成及性能测试,通过对比切层计算效率、振镜扫描精度、激光器输出质量以及SLM成形测试验证了软件功能的有效性。
[Abstract]:Selective Laser melting technique (SLM) utilizes high energy laser beam to selectively melt powder materials, and realizes the free forming of complex parts with high quality by layer coating, layer by layer melting, and layer by layer solidification accumulation. As the core part of SLM manufacturing equipment, process data processing is used in process path planning and process parameter adjustment. Laser scanning control and other functional modules of data processing. Omni-directional, multi-angle laser, scanning mirror convenient control, high-efficiency, high-precision cutting layer calculation, path filling and other process data processing, It not only provides the necessary supporting conditions for the development of the independent SLM material increasing equipment, but also provides a flexible and controllable parameter adjustment space for the study of the new material SLM forming process. In this paper, the process data processing for autonomous laser selective melting manufacturing equipment is studied. The main results are as follows: 1) A SLM process software framework which integrates the data processing of cutting layer and laser scanning control is proposed to realize the model data. Based on the Visual C software development tool and OpenGL graphics rendering engine, the STL model reading, displaying and interactive environment are built. This paper provides a development platform for the research of process data processing algorithm. It analyzes the shortcomings of the existing cutting layer calculation methods in terms of efficiency and precision. In this paper, a fast slicing algorithm based on co-index Hash mapping sorting strategy is proposed. Combined with the ordered adjacent attributes of adjacent tangent segments and the characteristics of direct addressing of Hash function, the co-index mapping is constructed, and the linear ordering of scattered tangent segments is realized, which aims at the convenient control requirements of laser and scanning mirror. The control unit of laser scanning system based on RTC5 card is developed. The control flow and jump command of RTC5 are analyzed. The effect of marking command on scanning quality is analyzed, and the omnidirectional laser scanning system is realized. Based on the laser selective melting test platform of ceramic materials, the functional integration and performance test of process data processing software are realized. The efficiency of cutting layer calculation and the scanning accuracy of vibrating mirror are compared. The laser output quality and SLM shaping test verify the effectiveness of the software.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TG665

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