海胆状过渡金属氧化物微结构的水热合成及其性质研究

发布时间：2018-03-18 12:55

本文选题：海胆状　切入点：过渡金属氧化物　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：海胆状是由纳米片层相互交错形成的一种具有类似海胆的结构。近十年里,海胆状过渡金属氧化物由于其在催化、传感、吸附、能源等领域的广泛应用而受到很大的关注。本论文三章实验部分均以水热法为基本合成方法,在此基础上分别通过模板法、掺杂法、复合法得到具有海胆状形貌的目标产物。本论文利用简单的水热法成功合成出海胆状二氧化锰(MnO_2);海胆状铜掺杂氧化锌(Cu-ZnO);海胆状氧化铜与二氧化铈的复合物(CuO-Ce02)三种材料。同时通过X射线电子衍射仪(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线光电子能谱(XPS),傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR),热重分析仪(TG)等仪器对这三种材料进行表征,并分别研究了它们在超级电容器、光学、吸附等领域的应用。具体内容如下:1、海胆状二氧化锰的水热合成及其超级电容器的性质研究以不同种类的碳酸锰为模板,用高锰酸钾作为刻蚀剂采用高温水热法一步合成出目标产物。通过SEM、FTIR、XRD等测试手段对合成产物的形貌、组成和结构进行了表征,并测试了以不同碳酸锰为模板合成出的二氧化锰的比表面积及超级电容器性质。结果表明两种不同模板合成出的二氧化锰具有不同的形貌结构,分别为豆渣状和海胆状。海胆状二氧化锰的比表面积略大于豆渣状二氧化锰,并且海胆状二氧化锰具有较好的电容性质与电化学循环性能。2、海胆状铜掺杂氧化锌的水热合成及其性质研究以硝酸锌为主要原料,尿素为沉淀剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面活性剂,硝酸铜为掺杂材料利用水热-锻烧法合成出目标产物。利用SEM、XRD、XPS、TG等测试手段对合成产物的形貌、组成和结构进行了表征,并分别测试了目标产物的光学性质及比表面积。结果表明铜元素的掺入使氧化锌的比表面积有所增大;光吸收的范围有所增大;荧光强度有所增强。实验中改变了掺入硝酸铜的质量进而得出了不同质量铜元素的掺入对氧化锌形貌的影响。3、海胆状氧化铜与二氧化铈复合物的水热合成及其吸附性质研究以硝酸铈与硫酸铜为主要原料,尿素为沉淀剂,在水与乙二醇的混合溶剂中通过水热法合成出具有海胆状结构的氧化铜-二氧化铈复合材料,在相同的条件下只加入单一金属盐合成出单体氧化铜与二氧化铈。利用SEM、TEM、XRD、XPS、TG等测试手段对合成出的复合物与单体进行形貌、组成、结构的表征,并分别研究了单一材料氧化铜、二氧化铈、氧化铜-二氧化铈复合材料对甲基蓝与刚果红两种染料的吸附速率。结果表明具有海胆状的氧化铜-二氧化铈复合材料表现出比单体更好的吸附性能。
[Abstract]:Sea urchin is a kind of structure with sea urchin like sea urchin, which is formed by the interlacing of nanoscale layers. In the last decade, sea urchin transition metal oxide has been catalyzing, sensing and adsorbing. The extensive application of energy and other fields has attracted great attention. In the third chapter of this paper, hydrothermal method is used as the basic synthesis method, and on this basis, template method and doping method are adopted respectively. In this thesis, three kinds of sea urchin type manganese dioxide manganese dioxide MNO _ 2O _ 2, sea urchin copper doped zinc oxide Cu-ZnO _ (2), sea urchin copper oxide and cerium oxide complex CuO-Ce02 have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method. Materials. At the same time, the three materials were characterized by X-ray electron diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analyzer (TG), etc. Their applications in supercapacitors, optics, adsorption and so on were studied respectively. The specific contents are as follows: 1. Hydrothermal synthesis of sea urchin manganese dioxide and the properties of supercapacitors are studied using different kinds of manganese carbonate as templates. The target product was synthesized by high temperature hydrothermal method using potassium permanganate as etching agent. The morphology, composition and structure of the product were characterized by means of SEM FTIR XRD. The specific surface area and supercapacitor properties of manganese dioxide synthesized from different manganese carbonate templates were tested. The results showed that the manganese dioxide synthesized by two different templates had different morphology and structure. The specific surface area of sea urchin manganese dioxide is slightly larger than that of bean dregs manganese dioxide. And the sea urchin manganese dioxide has good capacitive property and electrochemical cycling performance. The hydrothermal synthesis and properties of urchin copper doped zinc oxide are studied. Zinc nitrate is the main raw material and urea is the precipitant. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was used as surfactant and copper nitrate as doping material to synthesize the target product by hydrothermal calcination method. The morphology, composition and structure of the synthesized product were characterized by means of SEMX XRDX XPSV TG and so on. The optical properties and specific surface area of the target products were measured respectively. The results showed that the specific surface area of zinc oxide was increased and the range of light absorption was increased with the addition of copper. In the experiment, the quality of copper nitrate was changed and the influence of different mass of copper on the morphology of zinc oxide was obtained. 3. Hydrothermal synthesis and absorption of sea urchin copper oxide and cerium dioxide complex. The properties of cerium nitrate and copper sulfate were studied. Copper oxide and cerium oxide composites with sea urchin structure were synthesized by hydrothermal method in the mixed solvent of water and ethylene glycol with urea as precipitant. Under the same conditions, the monomer copper oxide and cerium oxide were synthesized by adding only a single metal salt. The morphology, composition and structure of the synthesized composite and monomer were characterized by SEMTEMTEMX XRDX XPSTG, and the single material copper oxide was studied, respectively. The adsorption rate of methyl blue and Congo red dyes in cerium oxide, copper oxide and cerium oxide composites was studied. The results showed that the adsorption rate of cerium oxide and cerium oxide composites with sea urchin shape was better than that of monomers.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TB33

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