贵金属—石墨烯纳米复合催化材料的可控制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-20 08:53

  本文选题：贵金属　切入点：纳米复合材料　出处：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着纳米技术的不断发展,结构单一性质单一的纳米材料已经不能满足科学进步的发展,所以发展更加优异性能的纳米复合材料显得尤为重要。纳米复合材料不仅保持了原有纳米材料的良好性能,而且还具有了一些新的物理和化学性质。贵金属,其本身作为一种催化剂,改变化学的反应速率但本身不参加最终产物的一种物质。在化工、生物催化以及环境治理方面都有着潜在的应用价值.同时近年来一种新型的可见光光催化剂Ag@AgX表面等离子体新型光催化剂由于贵金属的吸收可见光这一特性得到了广泛的研究。然而由于其回收率低下等原因严重影响了对贵金属以及衍生物的进一步研究和探索。由于石墨烯独特的结构(比表面积高达2675m2/g)和其优异导电机械性能,有望成为理想的载体材料其能够很好的均匀分散各种催化剂活性组分,对贵金属的改性具有重要的实际价值。因此本论文的主要内容归纳如下:1、Ag@rGO层状结构纳米复合材料由AgNO_3/GO通过简单的绿色工艺制备,其中葡萄糖用作还原剂,将AgNO_3还原为Ag,GO转化为rGO。还原氧化石墨烯作为良好的导体可以抑制电荷复合。作为非碳颗粒进入层中,石墨烯的层间距离将增加,导致层间范德华力减弱,从而降低团聚的可能性。同时,由于复合材料的层状结构以及rGO高比面积大大提高对硝基苯酚的还原活性,其中银作为还原剂。2、Ag@AgCl/rGO纳米复合材料由AgCl@GO通过光还原法合成,其中使用乙二醇作为还原剂,将AgCl部分还原为Ag形成异质结构Ag@AgCl同时将GO还原为rGO。Ag@AgCl与等离子体效应的界面提供了快速转移光激发电子的平台。此外,rGO的成功加载增加电荷传输速率并阻止其空穴-电子复合。所得Ag@AgCl/rGO纳米复合材料具有增强的光吸收能力和优良的光激发电子-空穴对的分离。Ag@AgCl形貌对光催化活性的影响很少研究,因此本文改变了PVP的浓度和酸碱度以改变形貌,通过降解亚甲基橙(MO)研究了复合材料的光催化性能。结果表明Ag@AgCl/rGO的形态影响复合材料的光催化性能。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials with single structure and single property can not meet the development of scientific progress. So it is particularly important to develop nanocomposites with better properties. Nanocomposites not only maintain the good properties of the original nanomaterials, but also have some new physical and chemical properties. A substance that itself acts as a catalyst to change the reaction rate of a chemical but does not itself participate in the final product. Biocatalysis and environmental treatment have potential applications. In recent years, a new type of visible light catalyst, Ag@AgX surface plasma, has been obtained because of the absorption of visible light from precious metals. However, due to its low recovery rate, the further research and exploration of precious metals and derivatives have been seriously affected. Due to the unique structure of graphene (specific surface area as high as 2675m2 / g) and its excellent electrical and mechanical properties, It is expected to be an ideal carrier material which can distribute the active components of various catalysts well and evenly. Therefore, the main contents of this paper are summarized as follows: 1: 1 Agr go layered nanocomposites prepared by AgNO_3/GO through a simple green process, in which glucose is used as reducing agent. The reduction of AgNO_3 to Aggo into rGO. The reduction of graphene oxide as a good conductor can inhibit the charge recombination. As a non-carbon particle entering the layer, the interlaminar distance of graphene will increase, resulting in the reduction of the interlaminar van der Waals force. At the same time, the reduction activity of p-nitrophenol was greatly improved because of the laminated structure of the composite and the high specific area of rGO, in which silver was used as reductant, and silver was used as reductant to synthesize AgCl / rGO nanocomposites from AgCl@GO by photoreduction. In which ethylene glycol is used as reducing agent, The partial reduction of AgCl to Ag to form a heterostructure Ag@AgCl and the reduction of go to the interface of rGO.Ag@AgCl and plasma effect provide a platform for the rapid transfer photoexcitation of electrons. In addition, the successful loading of AgCl increases the charge transfer rate and prevents its empty. The effect of the morphology of Ag@AgCl/rGO nanocomposites on the photocatalytic activity was seldom studied, and the excellent separation of photoexcited electron-hole pairs and the morphology of Ag@ AgCl nanocomposites had little effect on the photocatalytic activity. Therefore, the concentration and pH of PVP were changed to change the morphology of the composite. The photocatalytic properties of the composites were studied by degradation of methylene orange. The results showed that the morphology of Ag@AgCl/rGO affected the photocatalytic properties of the composites.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O643.36

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