小井眼侧钻井震击解卡技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-21 23:18

本文选题：小井眼侧钻井　切入点：随钻震击器　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：小井眼侧钻技术是中后期油田开采过程中一个重要的组成部分,是对低渗透油气层、裂缝油藏、边际油气层和死油区中的剩余油进行开采十分有效的方法。但由于小井眼的环空间隙小,工具尺寸受限,再加上在钻完井中地质构造复杂、工作人员的失误等因素往往会发生卡钻事故。随钻震击器是一种随着钻具一起入井,当卡钻事故发生时,可随时让震击器工作,对卡点产生强烈的冲击力,达到解卡目的。近年来小井眼侧钻井井下事故趋于复杂,处理难度加大,这对于工具的性能提出了更高的要求。基于这样的背景,本文通过对震击器的分类与特点进行总结以及对其工作原理进行分析,创新设计出了一套结构合理、性能优越的上、下击一体全液压式随钻震击器。针对震击器内的单向溢流阀进行了结构优化改进,提高震击器的可靠性,降低作业成本。在全液压式震击器的设计过程中:首先收集并能动地消化多种结构尺寸震击器的相关专利和文献资料,确立了设计方案;通过对国内外常用的震击器的分类与特点分析研究,创新性的设计出了一种可实现轴向低摩阻滑动的单缸双作用全液压式震击器。基于有限元分析,对重要零部件都进行了强度设计,使其满足强度要求;模拟了液压延时憋压过程,对单向溢流阀体结构尺寸进行了优化。在侧钻井解卡动力学方面,本论文建立起侧钻井震击解卡模型,并结合三维井眼管柱"软杆"摩阻计算方法,计算出传递到震击器的上的释放力,进而得出震击力;该模型与实际钻井过程更加接近,摩阻的引入使计算出的震击力更加精确,对震击器的理论研究有一定的指导意义,对现场应用有重要的参考价值。
[Abstract]:Slim hole sidetracking technology is an important component in the production process of middle and late oil fields. It is an important part of low permeability oil and gas reservoirs and fractured reservoirs. The method of producing residual oil in marginal reservoir and dead oil area is very effective. However, due to the small annulus in the hole, the tool size is limited, and the geological structure is complicated in drilling and completion. The driller is a kind of drilling tool that goes into the well with the drill tool. When the drilling accident occurs, the jitter can work at any time and produce a strong impact on the point of the jam. In recent years, the downhole accidents in slim hole side drilling tend to be more complicated and more difficult to deal with, which puts forward higher requirements for the performance of tools. In this paper, by summarizing the classification and characteristics of the shock hammer and analyzing its working principle, a set of reasonable structure and superior performance are designed. The structure of the one-way relief valve in the shock hammer is optimized and improved to improve the reliability of the shock hammer. To reduce the cost of operation. In the design process of full hydraulic shock hammer: firstly, collect and dynamically digest the relevant patents and documents of various structural sizes shock hammer, and establish the design scheme; Based on the analysis of the classification and characteristics of the commonly used shock hammer at home and abroad, a single cylinder double acting hydraulic shock hammer with low axial friction sliding is designed, which is based on finite element analysis. The strength design of the important parts is carried out to satisfy the strength requirement, the hydraulic delay pressure suppression process is simulated, and the structure size of the one-way overflow valve body is optimized. In this paper, the model of shock release card for lateral drilling is established, and combined with the calculation method of "soft rod" friction of three-dimensional borehole string, the release force transferred to the shock hammer is calculated, and the shock force is obtained, which is closer to the actual drilling process. The introduction of friction makes the calculated shock force more accurate, which has a certain guiding significance for the theoretical study of the shock hammer, and has an important reference value for the field application.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE28

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