大位移井钻井轴向振动减阻分析及工具设计

发布时间：2018-03-26 03:56

本文选题：摩阻　切入点：轴向振动　出处：《重庆科技学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于大位移井在近海油田的开发中具有显著的经济效益,因此大位移井被广泛应用,但是大位移井容易引起钻柱的“托压”效应,从而发生钻具损毁等事故。因此对大位移井钻井的减摩阻研究就尤为重要。针对大位移井稳斜段长的特点,使用商业软件Landmark模拟各个工况下的摩阻变化,证明了在大位移井钻井时,摩阻对钻进的影响较大,以至于会发生钻柱疲劳破坏等事故。通过单一的改变井斜角、摩擦系数和钻压等因素,将对钻柱与井壁之间的摩阻产生较大影响。针对施加轴向振动的方式,对钻柱滑动钻进状态下,进行受力分析,建立轴向振动减阻的数学模型,通过Newmark-β法对施加轴向振动条件下进行求解,得到在各个时刻下,钻柱每个质点的位移、速度和加速度。通过分析证明,随着激振力增加,通过增大钻柱的振动速度的方式,摩擦力比值迅速减小,减阻效果明显;随着井斜角、钻压、钻柱尺寸的或者增大,通过增加“重力效应”的影响,造成钻柱振动速度的减小,从而显著减小振动减阻的效果;随着振动频率和井斜角的增加,呈现摩擦力比值先显著变化后来变化缓慢的现象,这是由于在超过一定的临界值时,阻尼对钻柱的影响增大,造成钻柱的振动速度变小,因而影响了振动减阻的效果。针对国产的轴向振动减阻工具理论分析较少且不易更换易磨损部件的缺点,基于凸轮原理,设计了新型轴向振动减阻工具,并以理论分析结果为基础,设计了工具的基本参数,针对连接部分进行了创新设计,达到了易磨损件可更换的目的,从而延长了轴向振动减阻工具的使用寿命。同时,对新型轴向振动减阻工具的核心部件凸轮进行有限元分析,分析结果证明了在工具正常工作时,不会发生应力损毁的现象,可以正常使用。
[Abstract]:Because of the remarkable economic benefit of the extended reach well in offshore oilfield development, it is widely used, but it is easy to cause the "supporting pressure" effect of drill string. Therefore, it is very important to study the friction reducing resistance of long reach well drilling. In view of the characteristics of the long stable section of the extended reach well, the commercial software Landmark is used to simulate the friction change under various working conditions. It is proved that frictional resistance has a great influence on drilling in long reach well, so that the fatigue failure of drill string will occur. By changing the angle of well, friction coefficient and drilling pressure, and so on, a single change of well angle, friction coefficient and drilling pressure, etc. It will have a great influence on friction between drill string and shaft wall. Aiming at the way of applying axial vibration, the stress of drill string under sliding drilling condition is analyzed, and the mathematical model of axial vibration drag reduction is established. By Newmark- 尾 method, the displacement, velocity and acceleration of every particle of drill string are obtained under the condition of axial vibration. It is proved by analysis that the vibration velocity of drill string increases with the increase of exciting force. The friction ratio decreases rapidly and the drag reduction effect is obvious. With the increase of well angle, drilling pressure and drill string size, the vibration velocity of drill string is reduced by increasing the "gravity effect", thus the effect of vibration drag reduction is significantly reduced. With the increase of vibration frequency and inclined angle of well, the friction ratio changes obviously first and then slowly. This is due to the increase of damping effect on drill string when it exceeds a certain critical value, which causes the vibration velocity of drill string to become smaller. Therefore, the effect of vibration drag reduction is affected. In view of the defects of the domestic axial vibration drag reduction tools, which are few in theoretical analysis and difficult to replace easily worn parts, a new type of axial vibration drag reduction tool is designed based on the principle of cam. On the basis of the theoretical analysis results, the basic parameters of the tool are designed, and the innovative design for the connection part is carried out, which can achieve the purpose of easy to wear parts can be replaced, thus prolonging the service life of the axial vibration drag reducing tool, at the same time, The finite element analysis of the cam, the core component of the new type of axial vibration drag reduction tool, is carried out. The results show that the stress damage will not occur when the tool works normally, and it can be used normally.
【学位授予单位】：重庆科技学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE242;TE921.2

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