低渗油层水力缝层内爆炸技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 05:32

本文选题：低渗油层　切入点：配方性能　出处：《西安石油大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：低渗油气田由于“三低”的特性及复杂的地层条件,常规压裂改造措施已难以满足稳产增产的要求,迫切需要新的地层深部改造技术的探索与研究。为此,本论文开展了低渗油层水力缝层内爆炸压裂技术的研究。本论文在基于层内爆炸技术所要求满足的液体炸药性能条件前提下,研究了适用于小尺寸层内爆炸的液体药配方,进行了模拟储层裂缝环境下液体药起传爆实验,计算了液体药的爆炸性能参数;分析了端部脱砂压裂技术的施工过程及工艺特点,模拟计算了端部脱砂压裂的工艺参数;分析了不同引爆方式下层内爆炸压裂的造缝机理,计算了液体药层内爆炸压裂应力波压裂裂隙长度,建立了爆生气体压裂裂缝扩展数学模型,并对液体药层内爆炸岩石破碎颗粒粒径及裂缝扩展动态状态进行了模拟计算。通过一系列研究表明:所研制的液体炸药可以在2-5mm裂缝中稳定起爆、传爆,从而从实验角度上证明了液体药层内爆炸压裂技术的可行性;所研制液体药具有较高的爆容、爆热及爆温和较低的爆速,为液体药层内爆炸储层改造提供了良好的前提条件;端部脱砂压裂工艺可以在地层中产生一条满足液体药层内爆炸临界尺寸条件的宽短裂缝,为液体药在层内的成功爆炸压裂提供了裂缝条件;液体药层内爆炸压裂破碎的岩石颗粒粒径区间约为10-4~10-3m,可对裂缝提供自支撑作用;液体药层内爆炸爆生气体压裂缝长远大于应力波致裂缝长,裂缝扩展主要表现为爆生气体的造缝作用;其它条件相同情况下,液体药爆容越大,层内爆炸压裂造缝长度越大;层内爆炸可在水力裂缝壁面压出多条5~10m左右的裂缝,有效实现对储层深部的压裂改造。
[Abstract]:Due to the characteristics of "three low" and complicated formation conditions, conventional fracturing and reconstruction measures are difficult to meet the requirements of stable production and increase production, and the exploration and research of new deep formation reconstruction technology are urgently needed. In this paper, the explosive fracturing technology in hydraulic fracturing layer of low permeability oil reservoir is studied. Based on the performance condition of liquid explosive, the formulation of liquid explosive suitable for explosion in small layer is studied in this paper. In this paper, the explosive transmission experiment of liquid charge under the simulated reservoir fracture environment is carried out, and the explosion performance parameters of the liquid charge are calculated, the operation process and characteristics of the technology are analyzed, and the technological parameters of the desilting fracturing at the end part are simulated and calculated. The fracture forming mechanism of explosive fracturing in the lower layer with different detonation methods is analyzed, the fracture length of stress wave fracturing in liquid explosive layer is calculated, and the fracture propagation mathematical model of explosive gas fracturing is established. The particle size and crack propagation dynamic state of explosive rock in liquid explosive layer are simulated and calculated. A series of studies show that the developed liquid explosive can initiate and transmit detonation stably in 2-5mm fracture. The feasibility of the explosive fracturing technology in the liquid charge layer is proved from the point of view of the experiment, and the developed liquid propellant has higher explosive capacity, lower detonation heat and lower detonation velocity, which provides a good precondition for the reconstruction of the explosive reservoir in the liquid charge layer. A wide and short fracture satisfying the critical size condition of explosion in the liquid charge layer can be produced in the formation by the end desand fracturing technology, which provides the fracture condition for the successful explosive fracturing of the liquid charge in the layer. The rock particle size range of explosive fracturing in liquid layer is about 10 ~ (-4) ~ 10 ~ (-3) m, which can provide self-supporting effect on fracture, and explosion gas pressure fracture in liquid charge layer is longer than that caused by stress wave in the long run. The fracture propagation mainly shows the effect of explosive gas, the larger the explosive capacity of liquid, the longer the fracture length in the layer, and the more 510m fracture can be produced on the wall of hydraulic fracture by in-layer explosion. The fracturing reconstruction of deep reservoir is realized effectively.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE357

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