某车型碳纤维发动机盖设计以及研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 00:24

本文选题：轻量化　切入点：碳纤维　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会的发展,环境以及能源的难题日益严峻,甚至限制了人类未来的经济社会发展。因此,如何开发新能源,高效的使用现有能源从而节能减排已成为全社会的共识。对于汽车工业来说,对汽车车身进行优化设计以降低整车质量可以有效优化整车的能源消耗,从而达到节能目的。碳纤维是一种轴向强度以及轴向模量高、低密度、没有蠕变,非氧化环境下耐超高温以及耐疲劳性好、热膨胀系数小且耐腐蚀性好,X射线透过性好等等优点的先进纤维复合材料,与此同时,碳纤维还具备高效率回收和有利于环保的特点,有利于实现降低碳排放的目的。在汽车行业中,各类纤维复合材料在汽车工业中的应用日益广泛,而碳纤维复合材料作为其中的主力材料也陆续涌现出越来越多的运用实例,逐渐成为汽车轻量化的主力材料,因此,本文采用碳纤维复合材料作为优化设计的材料。针对碳纤维复合材料的材料特性以及本文的研究内容和目标,本文开展了如下研究工作:1)对作为参考基准的钢制发动机盖使用CATIA进行建模,然后进行有限元网格划分,得到可用于后续模拟仿真的有限元模型。2)对得到的钢制发动机盖有限元模型使用Hyper Mesh加载特定的约束、应力以及具体工况,使用RADIOSS求解器以静力分析的方式对该模型进行初步分析并得出相关参数,这些参数是后续优化设计的参考基准。3)对原钢制发动机盖模型部分内板结构进行再处理,以一个完整平面代替之前钢制发动机盖的具体设计结构,然后对补面之后的发动机盖有限元模型加载具体工况,设定约束边界条件参数以及拓扑优化和形貌优化参数,设置优化设计目标,最后使用Opti Struct进行具体的拓扑优化以及形貌优化运算。4)根据得到的应力以及位移云图进行碳纤维发动机盖内板的具体设计工作,由具体的优化设计目标选取优化方案。针对得到的优化方案根据国标GB/T 24550-2009的要求,使用LS-DYNA进行头模碰撞仿真分析,得出HIC值,根据计算出的结果评估设计方案的行人保护性能。本文旨在对碳纤维复合材料在汽车工程上的应用,尤其是在汽车外覆盖件上的应用做出有益的探索,为今后在该领域的研究以及设计提供参考依据。经过具体的研究之后,验证了碳纤维复合材料应用在发动机盖设计上的可行性,并且实现了在性能有所提升或至少不低于原钢制发动机盖的基础上取得明显的轻量化效果,同时具备符合相关法律法规要求的行人保护性能。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the problems of environment and energy are becoming more and more serious, even restricting the future economic and social development of mankind. Therefore, how to develop new energy, Efficient use of existing energy to save energy and reduce emissions has become the consensus of the whole society. For the automobile industry, to optimize the car body design to reduce the quality of the vehicle can effectively optimize the energy consumption of the whole vehicle. Carbon fiber is a kind of high axial strength and axial modulus, low density, no creep, high temperature resistance and fatigue resistance in non-oxidation environment. Advanced fiber composites with small thermal expansion coefficient and good corrosion resistance and good X-ray transmittance. At the same time, carbon fiber also has the characteristics of high efficiency recovery and environmental protection. In automobile industry, all kinds of fiber composites are widely used in automobile industry, and carbon fiber composite materials as the main materials have emerged more and more application examples. Therefore, carbon fiber composite is used as the material of optimization design. According to the material characteristics of carbon fiber composite and the research content and goal of this paper, In this paper, the following research work was carried out: (1) the steel engine cover was modeled using CATIA as the reference datum, and then the finite element meshing was carried out. The finite element model .2, which can be used in the subsequent simulation, is obtained. The finite element model of the steel engine cover is loaded with Hyper Mesh under specific constraints, stresses and working conditions. The RADIOSS solver is used to analyze the model preliminarily by static analysis and the relevant parameters are obtained. These parameters are the reference datum of the subsequent optimization design. 3) the internal plate structure of the original steel engine cover model is reprocessed. A complete plane is used to replace the concrete design structure of the former steel engine cover, and then the finite element model of the engine cover after mending is loaded under specific working conditions, and the constrained boundary condition parameters, topology optimization and topography optimization parameters are set up. Setting the optimum design target, finally using Opti Struct to carry out the specific topology optimization and topography optimization operation. 4) according to the obtained stress and displacement cloud image, the concrete design work of the carbon fiber engine cover inner plate is carried out. According to the requirements of GB/T 24550-2009, the LS-DYNA is used to simulate the head-die collision, and the value of HIC is obtained. Based on the calculated results, the pedestrian protection performance of the design scheme is evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of carbon fiber composite materials in automobile engineering, especially in automobile outer panels. It provides a reference for future research and design in this field. After specific research, the feasibility of the application of CFRP in engine cover design is verified. On the basis of improving the performance or at least not less than the original steel engine cover, the lightweight effect is achieved, and the pedestrian protection performance meets the requirements of relevant laws and regulations.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U463.833;TQ342.742

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