环境规制对污染密集型产业转移的影响

发布时间：2018-04-03 18:07

本文选题：环境规制　切入点：污染密集型产业　出处：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国经济实现了持续快速的增长,同时也带来了严峻的生态环境问题。在经济新常态和供给侧结构性改革的背景下,加强环境规制以减小生态环境破坏对经济社会发展的制约,是中国正在推进的一项重大政策。然而,加强环境规制势必会增加企业的生产经营成本,影响企业的区位布局,并进而对产业的区际转移产生作用。因此,研究环境规制与产业转移之间的关系,有助于更加深入的了解区域产业转移的形成机制,对实现产业结构优化升级和经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。本文首先将环境规制划分为正式环境规制与非正式环境规制;然后在对相关研究文献进行梳理的基础上,对环境规制影响污染密集型产业转移的理论依据和作用机制进行了定性分析;接着,对中国环境规制与污染密集型产业转移现状进行了资料分析,同时选取2003-2014年中国31个省份的面板数据进行了实证研究,并运用门槛回归模型研究了环境规制影响产业转移的门槛特征;最后提出了相关政策建议。本文研究结果表明,区域间环境规制差异已成为推动污染密集型产业区际转移的重要因素。在正式和非正式两种规制的影响当中,正式环境规制对污染密集型产业的区际转移具有显著的推动作用,正式环境规制强度的提高会增加企业的生产成本,当因环境规制提高带来的成本高于企业迁移的成本时,企业将选择迁移到环境规制弱的地区,从而规避环境成本。非正式环境规制整体上也推动了污染密集型产业的区际转移,它可以看作是企业的隐性成本,比如形象受损、信誉下降以及谈判、协商的成本等,因此企业更偏好于从非正式环境规制较强的地区转移到非正式环境规制较弱的地区。此外,基于中国政治、经济现状,运用面板门槛方法研究了正式环境规制对污染密集型产业转移影响的结构性变化。实证研究发现,正式环境规制对污染产业转移的影响并不是一成不变的,相反会随着正式环境规制实施进程而发生变化。在正式环境规制实施初期,其对污染产业区际转移的推动作用较大;在实施到一定阶段后,随着当地污染产业市场结构的重组变化和企业技术创新策略的推进,其对污染产业区际转移的边际推动作用变小,最终结果可能促进当地污染产业转型升级和生产技术进步。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has achieved sustained and rapid growth, but also brought serious ecological problems.Under the background of economic new normal and supply-side structural reform, it is an important policy that China is promoting to strengthen environmental regulation to reduce the restriction of ecological environment damage on economic and social development.However, strengthening environmental regulation will inevitably increase the cost of production and operation of enterprises, affect the location of enterprises, and then affect the inter-regional transfer of industries.Therefore, the study of the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial transfer is conducive to a deeper understanding of the formation mechanism of regional industrial transfer, and it is of great significance to realize the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the sustainable development of economy and society.In this paper, environmental regulation is divided into formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation.The theoretical basis and mechanism of environmental regulation affecting the transfer of pollution-intensive industries are analyzed qualitatively, and then, the current situation of environmental regulation and the transfer of pollution-intensive industries in China is analyzed.At the same time, the panel data of 31 provinces in China from 2003 to 2014 are selected for empirical research, and the threshold characteristics of environmental regulation affecting industrial transfer are studied by using threshold regression model. Finally, the relevant policy recommendations are put forward.The results show that the difference of regional environmental regulation has become an important factor to promote the inter-regional transfer of pollution-intensive industries.In both formal and informal regulation, formal environmental regulation plays a significant role in promoting the interregional transfer of pollution-intensive industries, and the increase of formal environmental regulation intensity will increase the production costs of enterprises.When the cost caused by the improvement of environmental regulation is higher than the cost of enterprise migration, the enterprise will choose to migrate to the region where environmental regulation is weak, so as to avoid the environmental cost.Informal environmental regulation also promotes the interregional transfer of pollution-intensive industries as a whole. It can be seen as the hidden costs of enterprises, such as damaged image, declining reputation, negotiation, negotiation costs, etc.Therefore, enterprises prefer to shift from regions with strong informal environmental regulations to areas with weak informal environmental regulations.In addition, based on the current political and economic situation in China, the structural changes of the impact of formal environmental regulation on the transfer of pollution-intensive industries are studied by using the panel threshold method.Empirical study shows that the impact of formal environmental regulation on the transfer of pollution industry is not static, on the contrary, it will change with the implementation process of formal environmental regulation.In the initial stage of formal environmental regulation, it can promote the inter-regional transfer of pollution industry, and at a certain stage, with the restructuring of local pollution industry market structure and the promotion of enterprise technology innovation strategy,The marginal impelling effect on the inter-regional transfer of pollution industry becomes smaller, and the final result may promote the transformation and upgrading of local pollution industry and the progress of production technology.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X22;F124

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