综放工作面瓦斯涌出规律及治理技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 10:56

本文选题：瓦斯超限 + 瓦斯涌出　；参考：《内蒙古科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国煤矿的开采范围不断扩大,而且开采强度也在逐渐增大,矿井的瓦斯问题也逐步凸显,而且部分煤矿为高瓦斯矿井。高瓦斯矿井的主要特征有:导致瓦斯事故发生的因素多、危害的范围广泛、造成的后果严重等。深入研究煤层瓦斯抽放的相关理论,合理布置瓦斯抽放的工艺参数,采用先进可行的采煤工艺,选择合理的工作面通风方式,强化瓦斯日常管理,使得瓦斯治理方法和各种瓦斯防治工艺参数合理可行,这些瓦斯治理内容都需要进行进一步进行研究、论证。所以,我们必须将前人的宝贵经验积累起来,根据高瓦斯矿井的实际情况,提高技术水平,防止事故发生。保德煤矿在2015年度鉴定为高瓦斯矿井,与其他煤矿相比,其瓦斯涌出的特点有以下几方面:煤层瓦斯涌出的相对量不大而绝对涌出量较大、煤矿工作面的局部瓦斯发生积聚加剧、工作面瓦斯涌出量主要来源于采空区、矿井瓦斯分布的不均衡性以及瓦斯涌出。根据保德煤矿开采技术条件及煤层瓦斯赋存状况,对81306综放工作面的瓦斯涌出情况进行研究,通过分析81306综放工作面预抽煤层、采空区及工作面瓦斯涌出规律,结合综放工作面的实际,准确地计算出瓦斯来源,为瓦斯治理工作提供了科学依据。瓦斯的涌出量较大发生在放顶煤的时候;而割煤的时候,采煤工作面的瓦斯涌出量就会变小。当工作面放顶煤和割煤一同进行的时候,矿井的瓦斯涌出量达到最大,极易发生瓦斯超限。治理81306综放工作面瓦斯的研究方法是减小工作面瓦斯的涌出,而在工作面瓦斯涌出量不大时可以使用抑制瓦斯涌出的方法。本论文治理矿井瓦斯采用尾巷以及采空区埋管;沿顶板走向打钻孔;预抽采煤层中的瓦斯等方法进行治理。本论文根据保德煤矿实际情况,主要采用预抽煤层瓦斯、改善通风系统、改变通风方式(增加进风巷或回风巷)、采用均压通风、减少通风设施的漏风量和减小通风阻力、采用地面钻孔和顶板走向钻孔、采用尾巷和高抽巷等方法,从而解决瓦斯事故问题。选用更高的技术防治综放开采煤矿重大瓦斯灾害等问题,使保德煤矿实现了高安全、高产和高效的目的。
[Abstract]:The mining range of our country's coal mine is expanding, and the mining intensity is increasing gradually, the gas problem of the mine is also gradually prominent, and some coal mines are high gas mines.The main characteristics of high gas mine are as follows: many factors lead to gas accident, wide range of harm, serious consequences and so on.The related theories of coal seam gas drainage are deeply studied, the technological parameters of gas drainage are reasonably arranged, the advanced and feasible coal mining technology is adopted, the reasonable ventilation mode of working face is selected, and the daily gas management is strengthened.The method of gas control and various technological parameters of gas prevention and control are reasonable and feasible, which need to be further studied and demonstrated.Therefore, we must accumulate the valuable experience of predecessors, according to the actual situation of high gas mine, improve the technical level and prevent accidents.Baode Coal Mine was identified as a high gas mine in 2015. Compared with other coal mines, the characteristics of gas emission are as follows: the relative quantity of coal seam gas emission is small and the absolute emission quantity is large.The local gas accumulation in the coal face is intensified, the gas emission is mainly from the goaf, the unbalance of the gas distribution in the mine and the gas emission.According to the technical conditions of mining in Baode coal mine and the situation of gas occurrence in coal seam, the gas emission from 81306 fully mechanized caving face is studied. Through the analysis of the law of gas emission in coal seam, goaf and working face of 81306 fully mechanized caving face, pre-drainage coal seam, goaf and working face are analyzed.Combined with the practice of fully mechanized caving face, the gas source is calculated accurately, which provides scientific basis for gas control.The large amount of gas emission occurs in top coal caving, but when cutting coal, the gas emission of coal face will become smaller.When the top coal caving and cutting coal are carried out together, the gas emission of the mine reaches the maximum, and the gas is easily overrun.The research method of controlling gas in 81306 fully mechanized caving face is to reduce the gas emission in working face, but the method of restraining gas emission can be used when the amount of gas emission in working face is small.In this paper, the gas in coal mine is treated by the methods of tail roadway and goaf buried pipe, drilling hole along the roof, and gas in the coal seam.According to the actual situation of Baode Coal Mine, this paper mainly adopts pre-drainage of coal seam gas, improvement of ventilation system, change of ventilation mode (increase air entry or return air tunnel, use equal pressure ventilation, reduce air leakage and ventilation resistance of ventilation facilities.In order to solve the gas accident problem, the surface drilling and roof strike drilling are adopted, and the methods of tail roadway and high drainage roadway are adopted to solve the gas accident problem.The selection of higher technology to prevent and cure major gas disasters in fully mechanized caving caving coal mine makes Baode Coal Mine achieve high safety, high yield and high efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD712.5

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